碳化蝶翅及其复合材料的制备和性能研究

发布时间：2018-04-13 11:32

  本文选题：蝶翅 + 多级孔碳　； 参考：《西南科技大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文以蓝闪蝶蝶翅为碳源通过热解法制备了具有蝶翅结构的多级孔碳材料,同时采用水热法制备了CW-Co3O4纳米粒子(C W-C o 3 O 4 N P s)和C W-C o 3 O 4纳米阵列(C W-C o 3 O 4 N R A s)复合材料。探究了CW-Co3O4NPs作为纳米结构催化剂对高氯酸铵(AP)热分解的催化性能以及碳化蝶翅和CW-Co3O4NRAs的电化学性能。主要研究内容如下:(1)以蓝闪蝶蝶翅为碳源,制备了具有蝶翅结构的多级孔碳材料,该材料由碳化层和空气层交替堆砌而成,存在空心脊状结构和横肋结构。该材料具有大孔-介孔-微孔的多级孔结构,其中大孔约为2 5.0%,介孔约为6 0.0%,微孔约为1 5.0%。多级孔碳为氮掺杂材料,其氮含量约为4.2%,氮源来自于原始蝶翅中蛋白质和几丁质,碳化过程中不需要外加氮源。(2)以碳化蝶翅为载体,利用水热法制备了CW-Co3O4NRAs复合材料,通过XRD、Raman、FTIR、TG-DSC、XPS、FESEM、TEM以及低温氮吸附-脱附等表征,表明CW-Co3O4NRAs中含有碳、氮、氧、钴四种元素,二价钴离子通过碳骨架上的氮和氧原子与碳材料复合在一起,Co3O4的负载量约为67.0%。复合材料具有三维有序周期性结构和大孔-介孔-微孔的多级孔结构。通过循环伏安曲线、恒电流充放电曲线和交流阻抗谱分析,CW-Co3O4NRAs在1 A?g-1电流密度比电容为941 F?g-1,能量密度为99.11 Wh?kg-1,同时材料具有良好的循环稳定性,在2000次循环充放电后电容保持率约在95%以上。(3)以碳化蝶翅为载体,利用水热法制备了CW-Co3O4NPs复合材料,通过XRD、FESEM、TEM和XPS等表征,结果表明CW-Co3O4NPs中Co3O4纳米粒子成功的在碳材料表面并且没有团聚现象,其中四氧化三钴的负载量约为70.0%。CW-Co3O4NPs对AP的热分解表现出了良好的催化作用,当复合催化剂的添加量为3%时,使得高氯酸铵的低温热分解过程消失,高温热分解峰提前到了293℃,较纯AP高温热分解峰提前了147℃,AP的热分解放热量为369.3 k J?mol-1,较纯A P热分解放热量增加了约2 0 0 k J?m o l-1。
[Abstract]:In this paper, a multiporous carbon material with the structure of the butterfly fin was prepared by pyrolysis with the blue flake butterfly fin as the carbon source.At the same time, CW-Co3O4 nano-particle C W-C o 3O 4 N P s and C W C o 3 O 4 N R S) composites were prepared by hydrothermal method.The catalytic properties of CW-Co3O4NPs as a nanostructure catalyst for the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate (APP) and the electrochemical properties of carbonated butterfly wings and CW-Co3O4NRAs were investigated.The main contents of this study are as follows: (1) A multilevel porous carbon material with butterfly wing structure was prepared with blue diorite butterfly fin as carbon source. The material is composed of carbonized layer and air layer alternately stacked with hollow ridge structure and transverse rib structure.The material has a multilevel pore structure of macroporous, mesoporous and microporous, in which the macropore is about 25.0, the mesopore is about 60. 0 and the micropore is about 15.0.The nitrogen content of multilevel porous carbon was about 4.2. The nitrogen source came from protein and chitin in the original butterfly wings. During carbonization, the CW-Co3O4NRAs composites were prepared by hydrothermal method without the need of additional nitrogen source.The composite has three dimensional ordered periodic structure and multilevel pore structure of macroporous mesoporous microporous.The cyclic voltammetry, constant current charge-discharge curves and AC impedance spectra were used to analyze CW-Co _ 3O _ 4NRAs with a current density specific capacitance of 941F / g ~ (-1) and an energy density of 99.11 / kg ~ (-1) at 1 A?g-1.After 2000 cycles, the capacitance retention rate was over 95%. The CW-Co3O4NPs composite was prepared by hydrothermal method on the carrier of carbonated butterfly wings. The composites were characterized by TEM and XPS.The results showed that the Co3O4 nanoparticles in CW-Co3O4NPs were successfully on the surface of carbon materials and had no agglomeration. The loading amount of Cobalt tetroxide was about the same as that of 70.0%.CW-Co3O4NPs, which showed a good catalytic effect on the thermal decomposition of AP.The process of thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate at low temperature disappeared, and the peak of thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate was advanced to 293 鈩，

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