基于功能化（类）石墨烯复合纳米界面的生物电化学检测

发布时间：2018-04-15 02:06

本文选题：复合纳米材料 + 电化学聚合　；参考：《青岛科技大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：据悉目前已知的导电性能最出色的材料为石墨烯,它在电子器件、电池电极材料、纳米复合材料、生物传感等领域也有重要应用。其中纳米复合材料以其独特的优点引起了众多科学家的兴趣,尤其是(类)石墨烯纳米复合材料,它在电化学传感器、电催化领域中均有广泛的应用。在众多合成(类)石墨烯复合材料的方法中,电化学方法由于其过程易控制、快速、绿色等特点,被广泛应用于合成(类)石墨烯复合材料。在制备过程中,通过对实验参数的改变可以制备得到不同的(类)石墨烯复合材料。本文采用电化学方法来制备得到不同的(类)石墨烯复合材料,包括聚黄尿酸-电化学还原氧化石墨烯复合材料、电化学还原氧化石墨烯-氧化锌复合材料、(类)石墨烯-氧化锌复合材料,并分别对这些复合材料进行了一系列的分析与研究,主要工作如下：(1)采用循环伏安一步电聚合的方法构建了聚黄尿酸-电化学还原氧化石墨烯界面(PXa-ERGNO),由于它的丰富的带负电的活性位点和能够加速电子传递的能力,它可以被用于检测带正电的鸟嘌呤和腺嘌呤。制备好的界面可以用扫描电子显微镜、傅里叶变换红外光谱、拉曼光谱、X射线光电子能谱、循环伏安图、交流阻抗图、差分脉冲伏安图来表征和证明其电化学性质。对比单独的聚黄尿酸和还原氧化石墨烯修饰电极,PXa-ERGNO修饰电极在检测鸟嘌呤、腺嘌呤和其他生物小分子(例如氯霉素)方面显示出了很好的协同作用和电催化活性,实现了复合材料对它们的灵敏检测。(2)采用一步电化学沉积的方法合成了以石墨烯为支撑材料的电化学还原氧化石墨烯-氧化锌复合材料(GZNWs)。众所周知,通过对基底材料的形貌和尺寸的控制是能够形成多种多样纳米复合物的先决条件,继而改变电化学性质。因此,本实验通过改变电沉积电压、电沉积时间和支持电解液的浓度等的实验因素得到不同形貌的复合物,并对比了基于这些形貌的复合物的电化学性质,进而使得这些复合物具有不同的电化学传感和电催化能力。通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)和差分脉冲伏安法(DPV),对制得的复合材料的形貌及电化学性质等进行表征,并且实现了该复合物对DNA和某些生物小分子(例如TNT,氯霉素)的灵敏检测,并且提高了其检测的灵敏度。(3)采用脉冲电沉积法成功制备了二硫化钼((类)石墨烯)-氧化锌(MoS2-ZnO)纳米复合物,并针对沉积过程中的电化学参数进行了考察,如沉积电压、沉积时间、支持电解液浓度、MoS2浓度,通过扫描电子显微镜和差分脉冲伏安法对制得的纳米复合物的形貌以及电化学性质等进行了表征。本实验以最优条件制备了MoS2-ZnO修饰电极,通过以亚甲基蓝为指示剂研究了该修饰电极对DNA的固定和杂交能力,构建了DNA传感平台,实现了对目标DNA的灵敏检测,达到了预期效果。
[Abstract]:It is reported that graphene is the most excellent conductive material known at present. It also has important applications in electronic devices, battery electrode materials, nanocomposites, biosensors and so on.Among them, nanocomposites have attracted the interest of many scientists because of their unique advantages, especially graphene nanocomposites, which are widely used in electrochemical sensors and electrocatalysis.Electrochemical methods have been widely used in the synthesis of (graphene like) graphene composites due to their characteristics of easy control fast green and so on.In the process of preparation, different graphene composites can be prepared by changing the experimental parameters.In this paper, different graphene composites were prepared by electrochemical method, including polyxanthuric acid-electrochemical reductive graphene composite.Electrochemically reduced graphene oxide / zinc oxide composites were prepared, and a series of analysis and research on these composites were carried out.The main work is as follows: 1) the PXa-ERGNON interface was constructed by cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical reductive graphene oxidation (PXa-ERGNON), due to its abundant active sites with negative charge and the ability to accelerate electron transfer.It can be used to detect positively charged guanine and adenine.The prepared interface can be characterized and proved by scanning electron microscope, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectrum, cyclic voltammetry, AC impedance diagram and differential pulse voltammetry.The PXa-ERGNO modified electrode showed good synergistic and electrocatalytic activity in the detection of guanine, adenine and other biological small molecules (such as chloramphenicol).A novel electrochemical reductive graphene oxide zinc oxide (GZNWsN) composite with graphene as the supporting material was synthesized by one-step electrochemical deposition.It is well known that controlling the morphology and size of the substrate is a prerequisite for the formation of a variety of nanocomposites, and then changes the electrochemical properties.Therefore, by changing the electrodeposition voltage, the electrodeposition time and the concentration of the supporting electrolyte, the composites with different morphologies were obtained, and the electrochemical properties of the composites based on these morphologies were compared.These complexes have different electrochemical sensing and electrocatalytic properties.The morphology and electrochemical properties of the composites were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPVD).The complex is sensitive to the detection of DNA and some biological small molecules, such as TNT, chloramphenicol.The sensitivity of its detection was improved. (3) Molybdenum disulfide (like) graphene and zinc oxide (MoS _ 2-ZnO) nanocomposites were successfully prepared by pulse electrodeposition, and electrochemical parameters, such as deposition voltage, were investigated.The morphology and electrochemical properties of the nanocomposites were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPA).In this experiment, the MoS2-ZnO modified electrode was prepared under the optimal conditions. The immobilization and hybridization ability of the modified electrode to DNA was studied by using methylene blue as indicator, and the DNA sensing platform was constructed. The target DNA was detected sensitively and the desired effect was achieved.
【学位授予单位】：青岛科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：O657.1;TB33

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