静电纺丝法制备不同形貌的金属氧化物纳米纤维及其光电特性

发布时间：2018-04-15 07:23

本文选题：静电纺丝 + 金属氧化物纳米材料　；参考：《青岛大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来,纳米材料已经成为目前凝聚态物理和材料科学应用领域的研究热点,这必将推动纳米科技的迅速革新与发展。静电纺丝技术具有便捷高效、工艺可控、安全环保等众多优点,目前已经成为有效制备各种微纳米结构(特别是一维纳米结构)的主要途径之一。一维纳米材料由于具有独特的物理、化学和生物特性,而被广泛应用于制作纳米电子器件、光电器件、传感器、光催化和太阳能电池等领域。首先,通过静电纺丝技术与磁控溅射技术相结合,成功制备了超细的氧化铟纳米管结构,并且研究了其在不同波长紫外光下的光响应情况,结果表明当给予紫外光照射时会显著地提高氧化铟材料的电导率,灵敏度高达102,响应速度极快(小于10s)并且拥有稳定的循环特性和可逆特性。另外,还研究了氧化铟纳米管器件与光源之间的距离与灵敏度之间的函数关系,发现随着距离的增加其灵敏度发生降低。其次,通过传统的静电纺丝技术和退火技术成功制备了锐钛矿型二氧化钛纳米棒结构,并在其力学性能和光电性能方面的进行了研究。力学性能方面,基于二氧化钛纳米棒的柔性器件在弯曲状态下表现出了比较高的灵敏度和稳定性。在光电性能方面,当置于光功率为10.24mW的氙灯光源下时其响应时间约为10s,灵敏度高达103,并表现出极好的循环特性和可逆特性,因此所制备的二氧化钛纳米棒在制作柔性的光探测器件方面具有广阔的应用前景。最后,通过低压近场静电纺丝技术与直写打印技术相结合,成功制备了有机P(VDF-TrFE)纳米纤维与无机(氧化锌、氧化铟)纳米纤维的各种阵列结构,并初步研究了一些相关的光学性质。实验中讨论了氧化锌在不同波长与不同光强度下的光响应情况,为进一步研究纳米线根数对光响应的影响提供了基础。研究发现单根氧化锌纳米线在波长为340nm时的光响应强度最高,并且在低强度的紫外光下仍然具有极大的灵敏度,为开发高性能的光探测器件提供了可能。另外,利用这种技术还能够实现有机与无机、无机与无机、有机与有机多种纳米材料的复合形成交叉结构异质结或同质结,有助于推动有机/无机纳米纤维在纳米器件和纳米逻辑电路的发展。
[Abstract]:In recent years, nanomaterials have become the research focus in condensed matter physics and material science, which will promote the rapid innovation and development of nanotechnology.Electrostatic spinning technology has many advantages such as convenient and efficient, controllable process, safe and environmental protection, and has become one of the main ways to effectively prepare all kinds of micro-nanostructures (especially one-dimensional nanostructures).Due to their unique physical, chemical and biological properties, one-dimensional nanomaterials are widely used in the fabrication of nano-electronic devices, optoelectronic devices, sensors, photocatalysis and solar cells.Firstly, ultrafine indium oxide nanotubes were successfully prepared by electrospinning and magnetron sputtering, and the photoresponse of the nanotubes under different wavelengths of ultraviolet light was studied.The results show that the conductivity of indium oxide material can be significantly improved when irradiated by ultraviolet light, the sensitivity is as high as 102, the response speed is very fast (less than 10 s), and it has stable cycling and reversible characteristics.In addition, the functional relationship between the distance and sensitivity between the indium oxide nanotube device and the light source is studied. It is found that the sensitivity decreases with the increase of the distance.Secondly, anatase TIO _ 2 nanorods were successfully prepared by traditional electrospinning and annealing techniques, and their mechanical and photoelectric properties were studied.In terms of mechanical properties, the flexible devices based on titanium dioxide nanorods exhibit high sensitivity and stability under bending condition.In terms of optoelectronic performance, the response time of xenon lamp with optical power of 10.24mW is about 10s, the sensitivity of Xenon lamp is 103s, and it shows excellent cycling and reversible characteristics.Therefore, the prepared TIO _ 2 nanorods have a broad application prospect in the fabrication of flexible photodetectors.Finally, by combining low-voltage near-field electrospinning and direct-writing printing, various array structures of organic VDF-TrFE-based nanofibers and inorganic (zinc oxide, indium oxide) nanofibers were successfully prepared.Some related optical properties are also studied.The light response of zinc oxide at different wavelengths and different light intensities is discussed, which provides a basis for further study of the effect of the number of nanowires on the light response.It is found that the single ZnO nanowire has the highest light response intensity at wavelength of 340nm, and still has great sensitivity under low intensity ultraviolet light, which provides the possibility for the development of high performance photodetectors.In addition, it is possible to combine organic and inorganic, inorganic, organic and organic nanomaterials to form cross-structure heterostructures or homogeneous junctions by using this technique.It is helpful to promote the development of organic / inorganic nanofibers in nano devices and nano logic circuits.
【学位授予单位】：青岛大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TB383.1;TQ343.5

【共引文献】