EPDM基橡胶复合材料的制备及性能研究

发布时间：2018-04-20 07:47

本文选题：EPDM + 胺类防老剂　；参考：《青岛科技大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文对EPDM基橡胶复合材料进行了制备并对其性能进行了研究,通过改变防老剂种类、填料种类和用量等来考察EPDM的一系列性能。首先,研究了不同种类的胺类防老剂体系以及在并用比例为0.5/1的条件下将RD/445,RD/AS,RD/NBC并用后的体系对于EPDM的机械性能以及热氧老化性能的影响。实验结果表明,防老剂NBC的防护作用较好,两种防老剂并用后的体系,RD/NBC(0.5/1)对EPDM的防护性能最佳且随着老化时间的延长防护性能越明显。其次,研究了在丙烯酸锌作用的条件下加入改性碳纳米管后对于EPDM粘合性能、机械性能的影响,并对填料的分散性能进行了考察。结果表明,当丙烯酸锌用量为12份时,改性碳纳米管用量为6份时,粘合性能最佳,镀铜钢丝的抽出力为725N,撕裂强度73.85N·mm-1,拉伸强度为22.2MPa;随着改性碳纳米管用量的增加,粘度和Payne效应增大,加工性能降低。再次,研究了采用高混3mm芳纶纤维、1mm芳纶纤维和3mm芳纶纤维/玄武岩纤维、1mm芳纶纤维/玄武岩纤维对于EPDM性能的影响。结果表明,随着芳纶纤维的增加加工性能降低,门尼粘度增加,芳纶纤维在胶料中分散性逐渐下降,拉伸强度降低,撕裂强度上升,磨耗体积先升后降,抵抗外界预定动态激扰能力提高,且横向的动刚度大于纵向的动刚度。综合机械性能数据分析,芳纶纤维的量在5-10份时EPDM的力学性能最佳。1mm芳纶纤维补强EPDM综合性能优于同量3mm芳纶纤维。最后,研究了高混法得到的玄武岩纤维对EPDM性能的影响并研究了采用超声波辅助硅烷偶联剂改性玄武岩纤维对EPDM的性能的影响。研究结果表明,随着高混玄武岩纤维增加EPDM加工性能降低,综合机械性能数据以及成本问题考量分析,在保证一定的性能的条件下高混改性纤维的量在10-15份时EPDM的性能最佳;高混玄武岩纤维综合性能优于高混芳纶纤维性能。硅烷偶联剂KH550可以增加玄武岩纤维表面的粗糙程度,提高玄武岩纤维与胶料之间的相容性与结合力。采用超声波辅助的方法可以提升KH550对于玄武岩纤维的改性,使其粗糙程度增加,更加有利于玄武岩纤维与EPDM的结合,综合物理机械性能有明显的提升,且优于高混玄武岩纤维填充EPDM的物理机械性能,是一种很好的提升改性的方式。
[Abstract]:In this paper, EPDM based rubber composites were prepared and their properties were studied. A series of properties of EPDM were investigated by changing the type of antioxidant, the type and amount of fillers, etc. Firstly, the effects of different kinds of amine antioxidant systems and the blending ratio of 0.5 / 1 on the mechanical properties and thermal oxygen aging properties of EPDM were studied. The experimental results show that the protective effect of antioxidant NBC is better, and the protective performance of EPDM is the best when the two antioxidants are used together. The better the protective performance is, the more obvious the protective performance is with the prolonging of aging time. Secondly, the effects of modified carbon nanotubes (CNTs) on the adhesion and mechanical properties of EPDM under the action of zinc acrylate were studied, and the dispersion properties of fillers were investigated. The results show that when the amount of zinc acrylate is 12 phr and the content of modified carbon nanotube is 6 phr, the adhesion property is the best. The pulling force, tearing strength and tensile strength of copper plated steel wire are 725N, 73.85Nmm-1 and 22.2MPa, respectively. The viscosity and Payne effect increased and the processability decreased. Thirdly, the effects of high mixing 3mm aramid fiber and 3mm aramid fiber / basalt fiber on the properties of EPDM were studied. The results show that with the increase of the processing property and Mooney viscosity of aramid fiber, the dispersion of aramid fiber decreases gradually, the tensile strength decreases, the tear strength increases, and the wear volume increases first and then decreases. The lateral dynamic stiffness is larger than the longitudinal dynamic stiffness. The mechanical properties of EPDM are the best when the amount of aramid fiber is 5-10 phr. The comprehensive properties of EPDM reinforced by aramid fiber are better than that of aramid fiber of the same amount. Finally, the effects of basalt fibers obtained by high mixing method on the properties of EPDM and the effects of ultrasonic assisted silane coupling agent on the properties of EPDM were studied. The results show that with the increase of EPDM processing performance of high mixed basalt fiber, the properties of EPDM are the best when the amount of high blending modified fiber is 10-15 phr under the condition of guaranteed certain performance, according to the comprehensive mechanical property data and cost analysis. The comprehensive property of high mixed basalt fiber is better than that of high mixed aramid fiber. Silane coupling agent KH550 can increase the roughness of basalt fiber surface and improve the compatibility and adhesion between basalt fiber and rubber. Ultrasonic assisted method can improve the modification of basalt fiber by KH550, increase its roughness, facilitate the combination of basalt fiber and EPDM, and improve the comprehensive physical and mechanical properties obviously. And it is better than the physical and mechanical properties of EPDM filled with high mixing basalt fiber, which is a good way to enhance the modification.
【学位授予单位】：青岛科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TB332

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