基于硅橡胶燃烧物的超疏水材料

发布时间：2018-04-21 05:13

本文选题：超疏水 + 硅橡胶　；参考：《浙江大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：超疏水材料在自清洁、抗冰防雾、油水分离等众多领域具有应用价值,制备超疏水表面的关键在于构造微纳多级粗糙结构和修饰以低表面能物质。有机硅橡胶因其优异的弹性、热稳定性和绝缘性等,在诸多高性能产品中被广泛使用。但目前的硅橡胶回收利用方法有限,简单的、高价值的回收利用方法亟待开发。本文通过对硅橡胶进行简单的燃烧,把产生的烟气颗粒和燃烧残余物用于制备超疏水复合涂层,探索合适的利用方法,并应用于油水分离领域,为回收硅橡胶提供新途径。借助硅橡胶燃烧时产生的白烟,通过烟气沉积法在玻璃表面制备出二氧化硅／硅橡胶超疏水复合涂层,二氧化硅粒子团聚体粘附并固定在硅橡胶表面形成了多级的粗糙结构,赋予涂层优异的超疏水性能,接触角大于1600,滚动角小于1°,该超疏水涂层具有良好的热稳定性、水流冲击稳定性和耐水性。将硅橡胶燃烧物粉碎,通过热压的方法,制备出性能优异且耐磨性良好的硅橡胶燃烧物／聚丙烯超疏水复合涂层。研究粉末用量和热压时间对涂层形貌和性能的影响,考察涂层的机械稳定性。涂层的接触角达160°,滚动角仅为3.5°。将科琴黑引入复合涂层,获得的超疏水涂层兼具良好的导电性能。以铜网为基体制备的二氧化硅／硅橡胶超疏水复合涂层能作为分离网对油水混合液进行有效分离,对多种有机溶剂和柴油的分离效率在90%以上。以硅橡胶燃烧残余物制备的吸油包吸附速率快,油品可通过蒸馏进行回收或直接燃烧得以利用,除去油品后的燃烧物粉末可以重复利用。使用吸油包还可搭建连续分离油水的装置。
[Abstract]:Superhydrophobic materials have great application value in many fields, such as self-cleaning, anti-ice and anti-fog, oil-water separation and so on. The key to prepare superhydrophobic surfaces is to construct micro, nano and multilevel rough structures and to modify low surface energy substances. Silicone rubber is widely used in many high performance products because of its excellent elasticity, thermal stability and insulation. However, the current recycling methods of silicone rubber are limited, simple, high-value recycling methods need to be developed. In this paper, through simple combustion of silicone rubber, flue gas particles and combustion residues are used to prepare superhydrophobic composite coatings, and suitable utilization methods are explored, and applied in the field of oil-water separation, which provides a new way for recovery of silicone rubber. The silica / silicone rubber superhydrophobic composite coating was prepared on the glass surface by flue gas deposition with the help of white smoke produced by the combustion of silicone rubber. The silica particle aggregates adhered to and fixed on the surface of silicone rubber to form a multistage rough structure. The superhydrophobic coating has excellent hydrophobicity with contact angle greater than 1600 and rolling angle less than 1 掳. The superhydrophobic coating has good thermal stability, water impact stability and water resistance. The silicone rubber combustor / polypropylene superhydrophobic composite coating with excellent properties and good wear resistance was prepared by hot pressing. The effects of powder content and hot pressing time on the morphology and properties of the coating were studied. The mechanical stability of the coating was investigated. The contact angle of the coating is 160 掳and the rolling angle is only 3.5 掳. The super hydrophobic coating obtained by introducing the Cochan black into the composite coating has good electrical conductivity. Silica / silicone rubber superhydrophobic composite coating prepared on copper mesh can be used as separation net to separate oil-water mixture effectively. The separation efficiency of various organic solvents and diesel oil is more than 90%. The adsorption rate of oil absorbent is fast, the oil can be recovered by distillation or directly burned, and the burning powder after removing oil can be reused. A continuous separation device for oil and water can also be built by using an oil absorber.
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TB33;TQ333.93

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