聚合物辅助制备功能微纳米中空材料及其性能研究

发布时间：2018-04-23 12:12

本文选题：水热法 + 模板　；参考：《中北大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：具有特殊形貌和特殊结构的中空微球材料近年来备受人们关注。相比于实心微球材料，中空微球由于内部具有空腔结构而表现出低密度、高比表面积且可以容纳客体分子等特点，因此在生物医药、涂料、电子、催化、分离等众多领域有着广阔的应用前景。随着中空微球的特殊功能逐渐为人们所认识，对其制备方法的研究也日益深入。目前，制备中空微球的方法主要有乳液法、悬浮法、溶胀法、模板法、自组装法、沉积法等[1]。不同的制备方法能够制备出不同材料、不同结构和不同尺度的中空微球。如不同材质的中空微球包括：聚合物/无机复合材料、无机材料、有机高分子材料中空微球。本论文分别通过采用一步水热和聚合物(PS)作为模板来制备PEG@Gd2O3:Tb3+，中空介孔Gd2O3:Eu3+微球和PANI@ERGO复合中空微球，分别对其药物缓释性能及电化学性能分别进行了系统全面的研究。主要研究结果总结如下: 1、采用一步水热法制备出了复合中空PEG@Gd2O3:Tb3+微球。通过XRD、TEM、PL等进行了表征。对其形成机理和药物缓释性能也进行了分析。获得的复合中空PEG@Gd2O3:Tb3+微球载药量可达261.5mg/g，缓释时间为24h。药物缓释性能结果表明，复合微球具有较高的载药量及较长的药物缓释时间。 2、利用羧基化聚苯乙烯微球(CCPS)作为模板利用尿素沉淀，再通过煅烧法制备出了中空介孔Gd2O3:Eu3+微球，，其XRD中的峰值与纯的立方相的Gd2O3一致。透射电子显微镜和扫描电子显微镜图像表明，中空介孔微球的平均直径约276nm，壳层的厚度约22nm。载药量达189.7mg/g，药物缓释时间达60h。 3、通过以聚苯乙烯(PS)微球作为模板，通过溶胀和超声辐照成功的制备出了PANI@ERGO复合中空微球。通过XRD、SEM、TEM、电化学工作站等对产物的形成、形态及电化学性能进行了表征。电化学性能测试结果表明，复合中空微球具有较好的电化学性能，在500次循环后，保留了首次放电容量的92.02%，电容量为604F/g。
[Abstract]:Hollow microspheres with special morphology and special structure have attracted much attention in recent years. Compared with solid microspheres, hollow microspheres exhibit the characteristics of low density, high specific surface area and ability to accommodate guest molecules because of their cavity structure. Therefore, hollow microspheres are widely used in biomedicine, coatings, electronics, catalysis, and so on. Separation and many other fields have broad application prospects. As the special function of hollow microspheres has been gradually recognized, the preparation of hollow microspheres has been studied more and more deeply. At present, the main methods of preparing hollow microspheres are emulsion method, suspension method, swelling method, template method, self-assembly method, deposition method and so on [1]. The hollow microspheres with different materials, structures and sizes can be prepared by different preparation methods. For example, hollow microspheres of different materials include: polymer / inorganic composites, inorganic materials, organic polymer hollow microspheres. In this paper, PEG@Gd2O3:Tb3 was prepared by using one-step hydrothermal and polymer PS as templates, hollow mesoporous Gd2O3:Eu3 microspheres and PANI@ERGO composite hollow microspheres were prepared respectively. The drug slow-release properties and electrochemical properties of the microspheres were systematically and comprehensively studied. The main findings are summarized as follows: 1. The composite hollow PEG@Gd2O3:Tb3 microspheres were prepared by one step hydrothermal method. It was characterized by XRDX Tem PL and so on. The formation mechanism and drug release properties were also analyzed. The drug loading of the composite hollow PEG@Gd2O3:Tb3 microspheres was 261.5 mg / g and the sustained release time was 24 h. The results showed that the composite microspheres had higher drug loading and longer drug release time. 2. The hollow mesoporous Gd2O3:Eu3 microspheres were prepared using carboxylated polystyrene microspheres (CCPs) as template and urea precipitation. The peak value of the hollow mesoporous Gd2O3:Eu3 microspheres was the same as that of pure cubic Gd2O3. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images show that the average diameter of hollow mesoporous microspheres is about 276 nm and the thickness of shell is about 22 nm. The drug load was 189.7 mg / g and the drug release time was 60 h. 3. PANI@ERGO composite hollow microspheres were successfully prepared by swelling and ultrasonic irradiation using polystyrene (PS) microspheres as template. The formation, morphology and electrochemical properties of the products were characterized by XRDX SEMM-TEM and electrochemical workstation. The electrochemical performance test results show that the composite hollow microspheres have good electrochemical performance. After 500 cycles, the initial discharge capacity of the composite hollow microspheres is 92.02 and the capacitance is 604F / g.
【学位授予单位】：中北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TB34;O646

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