微重力和渗透压对纳米材料在衬底表面的吸附量及其吸附动力学的影响

发布时间：2018-04-23 19:23

本文选题：荧光方法 + 支撑膜　；参考：《伊犁师范学院》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着纳米技术在生物医学方面的发展,控制药物向固定的病灶接近,并在接近后进行药物的缓释,可以使药物发挥出最大的疗效,即提高药物的靶向型,成为当前生物医学研究领域的关注点。为了更有效的控制药物做定向移动,并且定向向病灶做缓解,需要选择合适的药物载体以提高药物的靶向性。由于金纳米颗粒和脂质体在做药物载体方面表现出一些优异的特性,因而研究金纳米颗粒的吸附特性、利用渗透压方式调整脂质体药物输运的内吞方式,成为当前生物医学前沿领域的研究热点。磷脂双层膜在纳米生物技术领域展现出广阔的应用前景。传感器基座、药物载体等固体表面的磷脂膜自组织行为逐渐成为材料、物理与生物交叉学科的重要问题。本实验研究基于磷脂支撑双层膜体系,以石英电子微天平、荧光显微镜为主要实验表征手段,研究了二氧化硅表面的磷脂膜融合、半融合、颗粒吸附自组织行为机理及其调控方法。一方面基于金纳米颗粒对特定的荧光波段的淬灭效应,利用荧光显微镜、以及荧光能量共振转移(FRET)技术,在构建正、倒置样品实验舱上,研究了不同尺寸金纳米颗粒在仿生膜上吸附的重力产生的影响。另一方面,以石英晶体微天平与耗散系数测量仪、纳米粒度仪等为实验主要的表征手段,研究了高低渗透压梯度对纳米尺寸的磷脂囊泡在二氧化硅衬底表面的吸附和融合动力学过程的影响。本硕士论文第二章工作中,研究了重力在颗粒吸附过程中发挥的重要作用。纳米颗粒在生物膜表面的吸附行为是纳米生物技术领域的重要问题。本实验研究采用荧光手段,建立正、倒置实验模型,定量地建立了溶液顶层、底层支撑膜表面颗粒吸附量的差异量与颗粒的沉淀、扩散速率之间的关系,借助荧光显微镜观察重力对金纳米颗粒在支撑磷脂膜表面的吸附影响,并对不同颗粒尺寸在其顶层或底层支撑膜表面吸附量的差异性作了系统的观察研究和理论分析。实验研究发现：颗粒尺寸决定其在顶或底层支撑膜表面吸附的差异性.吸附量的差异与颗粒的沉淀速率和扩散速率之比的对数呈线性关系。当颗粒的直径小于14 nm时,则无需考虑重力在颗粒吸附过程中的影响;当颗粒的直径大于176 nm时,就发现重力在吸附过程中占主导的地位。这一研究为药物载体、理解纳米颗粒与生物膜之间的相互作用提供了参考依据。在理想情况下,磷脂囊泡在亲水表面可自发融合形成支撑膜。本硕士论文第三章工作中,我们研究了不同渗透压梯度对纳米级囊泡在二氧化硅表面吸附、融合、破裂及向磷脂双层膜过程转变速率的影响。实验开始时,用石英晶体微天平与耗散系数测量仪(QCM-D)来获取在等渗环境下时间参数之间的定量关系。然后用石英晶体微天平与耗散系数测量仪(QCM-D)来研究时间参数的变化与高、低渗环境下囊泡融合速率之间的关系。最后用纳米粒度仪表征在不同渗透条件下囊泡的形状特征,分析了囊泡对称性破坏和膜的表面张力对囊泡融合进程快慢影响的可能机理。实验研究发现,糖的存在对囊泡融合速率影响较小。在低渗渗透压梯度下,在测试的整个渗透压梯度范围内,渗透压作用力对囊泡融合过程的影响均很小；而在高渗渗透压梯度下,当渗透压梯度小于200m0sm时,此融合影响效应不明显,当渗透压梯度高于该值时,则对融合进程的快慢有显著影响。能量分析说明,与渗透压相关的化学势能主要以跨磷脂膜定向水扩散的形式释放。因此相对于表面粘滞力,渗透压对吸附囊泡的形变与融合影响较小。我们的研究深化了渗透压在膜融合过程中作功方式的理解,并为在仿生器件构筑中合理地使用渗透压提供指导。最后,我们对论文进行了总结,并对今后工作进行了展望。
[Abstract]:With the development of nanotechnology in the biomedical field, the control of drugs to the fixed focus, and the release of the drug after approaching, can make the drug play the most effective, that is, to improve the target type of the drug, and become the focus of the current biomedical research field. To remission to the focus, it is necessary to choose the appropriate drug carrier to improve the targeting of the drug. Because gold nanoparticles and liposomes have shown some excellent properties in making drug carriers, the adsorption characteristics of gold nanoparticles are studied and the endocytosis method of liposome transport by osmotic pressure is adjusted to become the current biomedicine. The phospholipid bilayer film shows a broad application prospect in the field of nanoscale biotechnology. The self-organizing behavior of phospholipid membrane on solid surface of sensor base, drug carrier and other solid surfaces gradually becomes an important problem in the physical and biological interdisciplinary. This experiment is based on the phospholipid braced double layer membrane system with quartz electron Microbalance and fluorescence microscopy are the main means of experimental characterization. The mechanism and control methods of phospholipid membrane fusion, semi fusion and self-organizing particle adsorption on silica surface are studied. On the one hand, the quenching effect of gold nanoparticles on specific fluorescent bands, fluorescence microscopy, and fluorescence energy resonance transfer (FRET) technology are used. The effect of the gravitational effect of different sizes of gold nanoparticles on the biomimetic membrane was studied in a positive and inverted sample experiment module. On the other hand, the quartz crystal microbalance and dissipation factor measuring instrument and the nano particle size meter were used as the main characterization means to study the high and low osmosis pressure gradient on the nano size phospholipid vesicles in two oxygen. The influence of adsorption and fusion kinetics on the surface of silicon substrate. The important role of gravity in the process of particle adsorption is studied in the second chapter of the master's thesis. The adsorption behavior of nanoparticles on the surface of the biofilm is an important problem in the field of nanoscale biotechnology. The relationship between the difference of the amount of particle adsorption on the surface of the surface of the support membrane and the precipitation of the particles and the rate of diffusion is established quantitatively, and the effect of gravity on the adsorption of the gold nanoparticles on the surface of the phospholipid membrane is observed by the fluorescence microscope, and the amount of adsorption of different particle sizes on the top or bottom support membrane surface is also observed. The difference is made by systematic observation and theoretical analysis. The experimental study shows that the particle size determines the difference between the adsorption on the surface of the top or the bottom support membrane. The difference of the amount of adsorption is linear with the logarithm of the ratio of the precipitation rate to the diffusion rate. When the diameter of the particle is less than 14 nm, there is no need to consider the gravity in the particle suction. The influence of the process is attached. When the diameter of the particle is greater than 176 nm, it is found that gravity is dominant in the process of adsorption. This study provides a reference for the understanding of the interaction between nanoparticles and biofilms. In the ideal case, the phospholipid vesicles can be spontaneously fused into a supporting membrane on the surface of the water surface. In the third chapter, we studied the effects of different osmotic pressure gradients on the adsorption, fusion, rupture and transition rate of nanoscale vesicles on the silica surface. At the beginning of the experiment, the quantitative relationship between the time parameters of the isosotic environment was obtained by using quartz crystal microbalance and QCM-D. Then the quartz crystal microbalance and the dissipative coefficient measuring instrument (QCM-D) were used to study the relationship between the change of time parameters and the rate of vesicle fusion in the high and low permeability environment. Finally, the shape characteristics of the vesicles were characterized by the nano particle size instrument under different infiltration conditions, and the bubble symmetry destruction and the surface tension of the membrane to the vesicle fusion process were analyzed quickly. It is found that the presence of sugar has little effect on the rate of vesicle fusion. Under the low osmotic pressure gradient, the influence of osmotic pressure on the process of vesicle fusion is very small in the range of the whole osmotic pressure gradient in the test, and when the osmotic pressure gradient is less than 200m0sm The effect is not obvious. When the osmotic pressure gradient is higher than that, it has a significant effect on the speed of the fusion process. The energy analysis shows that the chemical potential energy related to osmotic pressure is mainly released in the form of directional water diffusion across the phospholipid membrane. Therefore, relative to the surface viscosity, the osmotic pressure has little effect on the deformation and fusion of the adsorbed vesicles. The study deepens the understanding of the work mode of osmotic pressure in the process of membrane fusion and provides guidance for the rational use of osmotic pressure in the construction of biomimetic devices. Finally, we summarize the paper and look forward to the future work.

【学位授予单位】：伊犁师范学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TB383.1;O647.3

【参考文献】