多孔磁性碳复合材料的制备及去除亚甲基蓝的研究

发布时间：2018-04-29 18:32

本文选题：磁性碳材料 + 亚甲基蓝　；参考：《兰州大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：染料广泛应用于食品、医药、印染等行业,在生产过程中超过15%的染料不经任何处理直接排放到环境中,成为水污染的重要来源。大多数染料具有毒性,甚至致癌。去除水中有机染料的方法大致可分为三类,生物法、化学法和物理法。化学处理法中新兴的高级氧化技术,因其具有彻底氧化降解染料、无二次污染等特点受到了广泛关注。其中新型磁性碳材料可以作为一种有效的吸附催化氧化降解染料的催化剂,成为近年研究的热点。新型磁性碳材料可在惰性气体的保护下炭化由碳前体与铁前体依靠物理混合、离子键或者共价键结合的混合物制备而得。其中碳具有富集污染物的作用,铁化合物一方面可以活化氧化剂产生强氧化性的自由基,将污染物彻底矿解为二氧化碳和水,另一方面可以利用其磁性,将材料从溶液中快速分离进行重复利用。本论文制备了三种新型的磁性碳复合材料,详细研究了制备条件对其性能的影响,并探讨了其在去除水溶液中亚甲基蓝的性能。1.以花生壳为主要原料制备粉末状磁性碳及对亚甲基蓝吸附降解的研究：粉末状的花生壳磁性碳复合材料由农业废弃物花生壳与草酸铁胺通过浸泡-干燥-炭化一步法免活化制备而得,将制备的花生壳磁性碳PMC,对其形貌、磁性能、比表面积、所含成分等方面详尽的表征。并且构筑了非均相类Fenton体系K2S2O8/PMC-2,在批式反应体系中实现了对亚甲基蓝快速高效地氧化降解,PMC表现出低的铁溶出率,在重复应用七次后,仍然具有很高的催化活性,因其制备方法简单,原料廉价易得使其具有工业化应用前景；2.以氯甲基化的聚苯乙烯微球通过离子交换法制备磁性碳微球及对亚甲基蓝降解的研究：以商品化的氯甲基化的聚苯乙烯微球为原料,表面改性得到PS-EDTA螯合树脂,通过离子交换负载铁离子,然后将复合后的材料炭化得到磁性碳微球MCS-t.对磁性碳微球MCS-t的形貌、磁性能、比表面积、所含成分等方面详尽的表征。构筑了非均相类Fenton体系H2O2+NH2OH/MB,可快速高效去除亚甲基蓝,并且重复使用性能很好。其原料均已商品化,因此在快速降解污染物的工业化应用中有很大的潜力。3.以竹纤维为主要原料经改性原位组装表面负载Fe-BTC配合物制得磁性碳纤维对亚甲基蓝快速吸附去除的研究：商业化的竹纤维,表面通过碱性条件下氯乙酸改性增加羰基化学键,进行原位逐步组装表面形成Fe-BTC配合物,复合材料炭化后形成了多层级孔,对炭化后的纤维状磁性碳MBF-t的形貌、磁性能、比表面积、所含成分等方面详尽的表征。将其应用于吸附废水中的亚甲基蓝,可以快速吸附污水中亚甲基蓝,乙醇解吸后,可多次重复吸附亚甲基蓝。在重复使用六次后,对亚甲基蓝的去除率仍然达80%以上。因此,磁性碳纤维MBF-t在对水中污染物进行快速有效吸附去除方面有很大的应用前景。
[Abstract]:Dyes are widely used in food, medicine, printing and dyeing industries. More than 15% of dyes are discharged directly into the environment without any treatment in the production process, and become an important source of water pollution. Most dyes are toxic and even carcinogenic. The methods of removing organic dyes in water can be divided into three types: biological method, chemical method and physical method. The new advanced oxidation technology in chemical treatment has attracted wide attention because of its characteristics of thorough oxidation and degradation of dyes without secondary pollution. Among them, new magnetic carbon materials can be used as an effective catalyst for adsorption and catalytic oxidation degradation of dyes, which has become a hot research topic in recent years. A new magnetic carbon material can be carbonized under the protection of inert gas from a mixture of carbon precursor and iron precursor which is prepared by physical mixing ionic bond or covalent bond. Among them, carbon can enrich pollutants, iron compounds can activate oxidants to produce strongly oxidizing free radicals, which can completely mine pollutants into carbon dioxide and water, on the other hand, they can use their magnetic properties. The materials are quickly separated from the solution for reuse. In this paper, three new magnetic carbon composites were prepared. The effects of preparation conditions on their properties were studied in detail, and the performance of methylene blue in aqueous solution was discussed. Preparation of powdered Magnetic carbon from Peanut Shell and degradation of methylene Blue by adsorption and degradation: the powdered Peanut Shell Magnetic carbon Composites were prepared from agricultural waste peanut shell and ferric oxalate by soaking, drying and carbonization. Step method without activation preparation, The morphology, magnetic properties, specific surface area and composition of magnetic carbon PMCs prepared from peanut shell were characterized in detail. The heterogeneous Fenton system K _ 2S _ 2O _ 8 / PMC-2 was constructed. The rapid and efficient oxidation and degradation of methylene blue showed low iron dissolution rate in batch reaction system. After repeated application for seven times, it still had high catalytic activity. Because of its simple preparation method and cheap raw materials, it has a prospect of industrial application. Preparation of magnetic carbon microspheres from chloromethylated polystyrene microspheres by ion exchange and degradation of methylene blue: PS-EDTA chelating resin was prepared by surface modification of commercial chloromethylated polystyrene microspheres. The magnetic carbon microspheres MCS-t were prepared by carbonization of the composite materials by ion exchange supported iron ions. The morphology, magnetic properties, specific surface area and composition of magnetic carbon microspheres were characterized in detail. A heterogeneous Fenton system, H2O2 NH2OH / MBB, was constructed to remove methylene blue quickly and efficiently, and the reuse performance was very good. Its raw materials have been commercialized, so it has great potential in the industrial application of rapid degradation of pollutants. Study on the Rapid adsorption and removal of methylene Blue by Magnetic carbon Fibers prepared from Bamboo Fibers as main Raw material by In-situ Assembly of Surface loaded Fe-BTC complexes: commercial bamboo fibers were modified with chloroacetic acid to increase the carbonyl chemical bond on the surface of commercial bamboo fibers. In situ, the surface of Fe-BTC complex was formed, and the multilayer pores were formed after carbonization. The morphology, magnetic properties, specific surface area and composition of charred fibrous magnetic carbon (MBF-t) were characterized in detail. The methylene blue can be quickly adsorbed by methylene blue in wastewater. After desorption with ethanol, methylene blue can be adsorbed repeatedly for many times. After repeated use for six times, the removal rate of methylene blue was still over 80%. Therefore, magnetic carbon fiber (MBF-t) has great application prospect in fast and effective adsorption and removal of pollutants in water.
【学位授予单位】：兰州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TB33;X703

【参考文献】