壳聚糖纳米粒子的制备及其稳定皮克林乳液的研究

发布时间：2018-04-30 12:06

本文选题：皮克林乳液 + 壳聚糖/TPP纳米粒子　；参考：《江南大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：利用天然来源的生物材料合成纳米粒子及其稳定的皮克林乳液在食品和化妆品领域中具有重要的意义。壳聚糖(CS)是自然界中存在的唯一阳离子碱性多糖,其来源广泛,氨基的存在赋予了壳聚糖许多独特的理化性质,如生物可降解性,生物相容性等,本文对壳聚糖/TPP纳米粒子和壳聚糖/海藻酸钠纳米粒子的合成以及其乳化稳定石蜡/水乳液的乳化性能,稳定机理和化妆品的应用作了系统的研究。采用三聚磷酸钠(TPP)为交联剂,通过离子凝胶法制备了壳聚糖/TPP纳米粒子,该方法无需有机溶剂,制备条件温和,通过控制不同的反应条件,制备了不同粒径的CS/TPP纳米粒子,以制备稳定好,粒径小的纳米粒子为目的,得出制备的最佳工艺条件为:壳聚糖浓度为1.5 mg/m L,TPP浓度为0.65 mg/m L,壳聚糖与TPP质量比为5:1,壳聚糖溶液p H为4.2。对纳米粒子稳定性分析表明粒子具有很好的稳定性,通过扫描电镜观察发现所制备的壳聚糖纳米球球形较好,粒径分布均一,CS/TPP纳米粒子可以乳化液体石蜡制得O/W乳液,这种粒子稳定的乳液具有优异的抗凝聚性能。研究了影响乳液的各因素,增加颗粒浓度,乳析稳定性越好,液滴粒径越小,通过调节分散相p H值和Na Cl浓度成功地制备了均一稳定的乳液。乳液的流变性分析表明随着颗粒浓度的增大乳液黏度更高,乳液表现更强的弹性行为,乳液的荧光显微镜观察揭示了颗粒在油水界面处的吸附,有效阻止了液滴的聚结从而稳定乳液。CS/TPP纳米粒子在化妆品膏霜类配方中乳化稳定的乳液具有很好的耐热性、耐寒性、离心稳定性,相比表面活性剂稳定的乳液具有更好的肤感。用带相反电荷的海藻酸钠(ALG)通过静电相互作用制备了壳聚糖/海藻酸钠纳米粒子,研究了壳聚糖分子量和脱乙酰度、氯化钙浓度、壳聚糖浓度、壳聚糖溶液和海藻酸钠溶液的p H对粒子粒径和电位的影响,结果得到制备120 nm左右的纳米粒子的最佳条件:m(ALG):m(Ca Cl2):m(CS)=5:1:1.5,壳聚糖溶液p H为5.4,海藻酸钠溶液p H为5.2。用壳聚糖/海藻酸钠纳米粒子稳定乳化皮克林乳液,当浓度达到1%即能制备稳定乳液,0.8%CS/ALG纳米粒子稳定的乳液在油相体积为0.65发生转相,1.5%纳米粒子稳定的乳液在0.75发生转相,并且CS/ALG纳米粒子稳定的乳液相比相同颗粒浓度下CS/TPP纳米粒子稳定的乳液转相点更高。CS/ALG纳米粒子稳定的乳液有比较宽的p H范围,通过Na Cl浓度影响乳液乳化性的分析表明电解质可以改变颗粒表面的润湿性。CS/ALG纳米粒子在化妆品膏霜类配方中乳化稳定的乳液具有很好的耐热性、耐寒性和离心稳定性,与CS/TPP凝胶纳米粒子稳定的乳液相比其用量更少,乳化性更强,同时稳定的乳液黏度更高,涂感清爽不油腻,保湿性更好。
[Abstract]:The synthesis of nanoparticles and their stable Pickering emulsion from natural biomaterials is of great significance in the field of food and cosmetics. Chitosan (CSN) is the only cationic alkaline polysaccharide that exists in nature. The presence of amino groups endows chitosan with many unique physicochemical properties, such as biodegradability, biocompatibility, etc. In this paper, the synthesis of chitosan / TPP nanoparticles and chitosan / sodium alginate nanoparticles as well as the emulsification properties, stabilization mechanism and application of cosmetics were systematically studied. Chitosan / TPP nanoparticles were prepared by ionic gel method using sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) as crosslinker. In this method, CS/TPP nanoparticles with different particle sizes were prepared by controlling different reaction conditions and without organic solvent. In order to prepare stable and small nanoparticles, the optimum preparation conditions were obtained as follows: chitosan concentration was 1.5 mg/m / L TPP concentration was 0.65 mg/m / L, the mass ratio of chitosan to TPP was 5: 1, and pH of chitosan solution was 4.2. The analysis of the stability of nanoparticles shows that the nanoparticles have good stability. By scanning electron microscope, we found that the chitosan nanospheres prepared are better spherical, and the size distribution of CS- / TPP nanoparticles can emulsify paraffin wax to prepare the O / W emulsion. This kind of particle stable emulsion has excellent anti-agglomeration property. The factors affecting the emulsion were studied. The better the emulsion stability was, the smaller the droplet size was. The homogeneous stable emulsion was successfully prepared by adjusting the pH value of dispersed phase and the concentration of NaCl. The rheological analysis of the emulsion shows that with the increase of the particle concentration, the viscosity of the emulsion is higher and the emulsion exhibits a stronger elastic behavior. The fluorescence microscope observation of the emulsion reveals the adsorption of the particles at the oil-water interface. It can effectively prevent droplet coalescence and stabilize the emulsion. CS- / TPP nanoparticles have good heat resistance, cold resistance and centrifugal stability in the formula of cosmetics cream. The emulsion has better skin feeling than surfactant stable emulsion. Chitosan / sodium alginate nanoparticles were prepared by electrostatic interaction with alginate with opposite charge. The molecular weight and deacetylation degree of chitosan, the concentration of calcium chloride and the concentration of chitosan were studied. The effects of pH in chitosan solution and sodium alginate solution on particle size and potential were obtained. The optimum conditions for preparation of nano-particles about 120 nm were obtained. The optimum conditions for preparation of nanoparticles were obtained. The optimum conditions for preparation of nano-particles were as follows: 1: 1: 1.5, 5: 1: 1.5, 5.4 for chitosan solution, 5.2 for sodium alginate solution, and 5: 1: 1.5 for sodium alginate solution. Chitosan / sodium alginate nanoparticles were used to stabilize the emulsified Pickering emulsion. When the concentration reached 1%, the stable emulsion with 0.8CS / ALG nanoparticles could be prepared, and the emulsion with the oil phase volume of 0.65 and the emulsion with 1.5% nano-particle stability could be phase-shifted at 0.75. And the stable emulsion of CS/ALG nanoparticles has a wider pH range than the stable emulsion with CS/TPP nanoparticles at the same concentration. The analysis of the influence of NaCl concentration on emulsion emulsification shows that electrolyte can change the wettability of particle surface. CSP / ALG nanoparticles have good heat resistance, cold resistance and centrifugal stability in the formula of cosmetics cream. Compared with the stable emulsion of CS/TPP gel nanoparticles, its dosage is less, its emulsification is stronger, and the stable emulsion has higher viscosity, freshness and no greasy coating, and better moisturizing property.
【学位授予单位】：江南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：O636.1;TB383.1

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