纳米银及纳米银铜聚合物复合膜的制备研究

发布时间：2018-05-03 07:24

  本文选题：纳米银 + 银/铜纳米合金　； 参考：《昆明理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：纳米银聚合物复合材料具有独特的物理化学性质,包括非线性光学效应、光能转化效应等,在抗菌自洁、表面增强拉曼散射光谱(SERS)等方面具有广阔的应用前景。但是由于纳米银聚合物复合材料的合成过程较为复杂或成本较高,不利于纳米银聚合物的大规模生产。大气低压等离子体处理具有成本低,处理速率快等优点,既不影响聚合物基体的性能,又能增强聚合物基体的表面活性是聚合物表面改性的最佳选择之一。3-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷(APTES)作为一种常用的硅烷偶联剂,在工业生产中具有非常广泛的用途,同时其来源广泛,价格低廉。APTES具有氨基(-NH2),与纳米银之间具有较强的结合力,可以用来做纳米银与聚合物至今的联接的桥梁。铜/银纳米合金与单一的纳米银或者纳米铜相比,具有更加良好的催化、光学、抗菌性能。聚乙烯醇(PVA)具有优秀的水溶性、成膜性、乳化性,耐油脂和耐溶剂性能也很好,且无毒无味,对皮肤无刺激,在纤维、功能高分子材料、涂料、膜材料等领域有广泛的应用。采用大气低压等离子体处理聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)表面,并用APTES对PET表面进行修饰,然后在其表面沉积纳米银。X光电子能谱(XPS)、原子力显微镜(AFM)以及紫外-可见光(UV-vis)吸收光谱等数据表明等离子体处理可以使PET表面的活性基团,进而提高APTES与PET表面的粘结强度和粘结数量,进而提高了 PET表面的氨基密度,最终达到增强纳米银沉积及吸附的效果,提高了材料的耐久性。采用该方法制备AgNPs/Polymer复合材料的方法足够简便,不需要真空等比较苛刻的条件,能够降低合成成本。利用PVA在100℃下具有还原性的性质,采用原位还原的方法制备了Ag/PVA、Cu/PVA以及Ag-Cu/PVA复合薄膜,通过UV-vis吸收光谱扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)以及XPS谱对薄膜进行分析,结果表明,当热处理时间为60min时,PVA中银离子与铜离子反应最完全,铜/银纳米合金均匀的分散在PVA薄膜内。纳米银在Ag/PVA中的粒径为7-9nm,纳米铜在Cu/PVA中的粒径为50 nm,银/铜纳米合金的粒径为5-20 nm。高分辨透射电子显微镜(HRTEM)表明,银/铜纳米合金在PVA中主要以表面为Ag原子包裹的Cu小团簇和Ag小团簇混合在一起的混合结构存在,同时存在少部分的银铜核壳结构的粒子。
[Abstract]:Nano-silver polymer composites have unique physical and chemical properties, including nonlinear optical effects, light energy conversion effects and so on, which have broad application prospects in antibacterial self-cleaning, surface-enhanced Raman scattering spectroscopy (SERS) and so on. However, the synthesis process of nano-silver polymer composites is more complex or costly, which is not conducive to large-scale production of nano-silver polymers. The treatment of atmospheric low pressure plasma has the advantages of low cost and fast treatment rate, which does not affect the performance of polymer matrix. As a common silane coupling agent, APTES, which can enhance the surface activity of polymer matrix, is one of the best choice for surface modification of polymer. As a common silane coupling agent, it has a wide range of applications in industrial production and has a wide range of sources. Low price. APTES has amino acid-NH _ 2N and strong binding force with nano-silver, which can be used as a bridge between nano-silver and polymer. Copper / silver nanoalloys have better catalytic, optical and antibacterial properties than single nano silver or nano copper. Polyvinyl alcohol PVA (PVA) has excellent water-solubility, film-forming, emulsification, grease resistance and solvent resistance, and is non-toxic and odorless. PVA has been widely used in fiber, functional polymer materials, coatings, membrane materials and other fields. Poly (ethylene terephthalate) (PET) surface was treated by atmospheric low pressure plasma, and PET surface was modified by APTES. Then the deposition of silver nanoparticles on the surface of the PET surface by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and UV-vis-vis absorption spectra shows that plasma treatment can make the active groups on the surface of PET. Furthermore, the bond strength and the amount of bond between APTES and PET surface are increased, and the amino density of PET surface is increased. Finally, the effect of nano-silver deposition and adsorption is enhanced, and the durability of the material is improved. The method of preparing AgNPs/Polymer composites by this method is simple enough and can reduce the cost of synthesis without demanding conditions such as vacuum. Using the reductive property of PVA at 100 鈩，

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