可得然胶季铵盐抑菌剂的合成及应用研究

发布时间：2018-05-04 00:23

本文选题：可得然胶 + 可得然胶季铵盐　；参考：《江南大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：可得然胶是微生物发酵的产物,其潜在的应用价值还没有被开发和利用。为了满足多方面的要求,可以对可得然胶进行化学改性。可得然胶季铵化可赋予其抑菌及水溶性能。将可得然胶季铵盐与聚乙烯醇(PVA)及纳米钠基蒙脱土(Na~+MMT)复合使用可获得性能更好的新型材料。本论文以可得然胶为原料,采用两步反应法制备了可得然胶季铵盐。采用冷冻-解冻-乳化交联的方法,制备了PVA与可得然胶季铵盐抑菌薄膜。采用插层复合方法制备纳米Na~+MMT与可得然胶季铵盐复合薄膜。为可得然胶应用在洗涤、抑菌塑料、抑菌膜、抑菌垫、食品保鲜及新型绿色生物种衣剂等领域奠定基础。本论文的主要研究内容如下:1.在NaOH碱溶液中,通过两步反应法,以缩水甘油基三甲基氯化铵(GTMAC)对可得然胶进行均相季铵化改性。通过核磁共振~1H-NMR、~(13)C-NMR、全反射红外光谱(FTIR-ATR)、X-射线衍射(XRD)、凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)、热重(TG)和三维显微镜表征了可得然胶(Curdlan)和可得然胶季铵盐(Curdlan-QAS)的结构、性能和外观形貌。通过~1H-NMR的波谱积分面积计算Curdlan-QAS的取代度(DS)。结果表明:不同DS的Curdlan-QAS的相对分子量,分子结构及热稳定性差别不大。同时热重分析的结果表明:Curdlan的热稳定性比Curdlan-QAS的好。浊度法结果表明:Curdlan-QAS的水溶液具有一定的稳定性。采用抑菌圈扩散的方法测试Curdlan-QAS的抑菌效果,结果表明:高DS的Curdlan-QAS对葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus)及镰刀菌(Fusarium)具有抑制作用,但是对大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli)的抑制作用不好。同时,抑菌结果还表明:Curdlan-QAS对Fusarium的抑制作用优于Staphylococcus,对Staphylococcus的抑制作用优于Escherichia coli。2.采用反复冷冻-解冻-乳化交联的方法制备PVA/Curdlan-QAS抑菌薄膜。并采用FTIR-ATR、TG和扫描电镜(SEM)对PVA/Curdlan-QAS抑菌薄膜的结构和性能进行表征与分析,同时考察了不同配方下PVA/Curdlan-QAS抑菌薄膜的透水蒸气性能和膜液的稳定性。结果表明:石蜡质量分数在0.4%~0.8%的膜液在放置7天后,仍为乳白色液体且不分层,因此,膜液具有一定的稳定性。抑菌测试结果表明:PVA/Curdlan-QAS抑菌薄膜对Staphylococcus和Fusarium均具有抑制作用,但是对Escherichia coli的抑制效果不如Staphylococcus和Fusarium。3.采用插层复合的方法制备了纳米钠基蒙脱土(Na~+MMT)与Curdlan-QAS的复合薄膜。测试了纳米Na~+MMT/Curdlan-QAS复合薄膜的机械性能、水蒸气透过率、热性能、光学性能、吸水率和抑菌性能,同时通过扫描电镜(SEM)表征了薄膜的断面结构。热重分析的结果表明,添加纳米Na~+MMT提高了纳米Na~+MMT/Curdlan-QAS复合薄膜的热稳定性。机械性能测试也表明,添加纳米Na~+MMT提高了纳米Na~+MMT/Curdlan-QAS复合薄膜的拉伸应力。其中添加了2.5%Na~+MMT的纳米Na~+MMT/Curdlan-QAS复合薄膜有着最大的拉伸应力(30.3 MPa)。添加纳米Na~+MMT的含量在1%时,纳米Na~+MMT/Curdlan-QAS复合薄膜的断裂伸长率达到167.4%。添加纳米Na~+MMT降低了纳米Na~+MMT/Curdlan-QAS复合薄膜的透光率。同时也可以降低纳米Na~+MMT/Curdlan-QAS复合薄膜的吸水性,当纳米Na~+MMT的添加量为2.5%时,薄膜有着最低的吸水率。SEM结果表明Na~+MMT已经成功的分散到PVA和Curdlan-QAS分子基体中,三者表现出良好的相容性,形成了插层结构。抑菌结果表明:纳米Na~+MMT/Curdlan-QAS复合薄膜对Fusarium具有明显的抑制作用,同时抑菌效果也不会随着纳米Na~+MMT含量的增加而降低。
[Abstract]:It is a product of microbial fermentation, and its potential application value has not been developed and used. In order to meet the requirements of many aspects, it can be chemically modified. The bacteriostasis and water-soluble properties of the gum quaternary ammonium salt can be endowed with PVA and nano sodium montmorillonite (Na~+MMT). In this paper, a new material with better performance is obtained. In this paper, quaternary ammonium salt can be prepared by two step reaction method with two step reaction method. The bacteriostasis film of quaternary ammonium salt is prepared by freezing thawing and emulsifying crosslinking method. The composite thin film of nano Na~+MMT and available gel quaternary ammonium salt is prepared by intercalation compound method. The main contents of this paper are as follows: 1. in the NaOH alkali solution, the quaternated modification was carried out by the two step reaction method with glycidyl three methyl ammonium chloride (GTMAC). By nuclear magnetic resonance ~1H-NMR, ~ (13) C-NMR, total reflection infrared spectroscopy (FTIR-ATR), X- ray diffraction (XRD), gel permeation chromatography (GPC), thermogravimetry (TG) and three-dimensional microscope, the structure, properties and appearance morphology of available rubber (Curdlan) and available gelatin quaternary ammonium salt (Curdlan-QAS) were characterized. The Curdlan-QAS extraction was calculated by the spectral integral area of ~1H-NMR. DS. The results show that the relative molecular weight, molecular structure and thermal stability of different DS Curdlan-QAS have little difference. At the same time, the results of thermogravimetric analysis show that the thermal stability of Curdlan is better than that of Curdlan-QAS. The results of turbidimetric method show that the aqueous solution of Curdlan-QAS has a certain stability. The method of testing Curdlan-QAS by the diffusion of bacteriostasis circle is used. The results showed that high DS Curdlan-QAS had inhibitory effect on Staphylococcus (Staphylococcus) and Fusarium (Fusarium), but the inhibition effect on Escherichia coli (Escherichia coli) was not good. At the same time, the inhibitory effect of Curdlan-QAS on Fusarium was better than Staphylococcus, and the inhibition of Staphylococcus was inhibited. PVA/Curdlan-QAS bacteriostasis film was prepared by repeated freezing thawing and emulsifying crosslinking with Escherichia coli.2.. The structure and properties of PVA/Curdlan-QAS bacteriostasis film were characterized and analyzed by FTIR-ATR, TG and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the pervious vapor properties of PVA/Curdlan-QAS bacteriostasis film under different formulas were investigated. The stability of the membrane fluid showed that the membrane liquid of the paraffin mass fraction in 0.4%~0.8% was still milk white and not stratified after 7 days. Therefore, the membrane fluid had a certain stability. The bacteriostasis test results showed that the inhibitory effect of PVA/Curdlan-QAS bacteriostasis film on both Staphylococcus and Fusarium was inhibited, but the inhibition of Escherichia coli was inhibited. The effect is not as good as that of Staphylococcus and Fusarium.3.. The composite film of nano sodium montmorillonite (Na~+MMT) and Curdlan-QAS is prepared by intercalation composite method. The mechanical properties, water vapor transmission, thermal performance, optical properties, water absorption and bacteriostasis of nano Na~+MMT/Curdlan-QAS composite film are tested, and the scanning electron microscope (SEM) table is also used. The thermal gravimetric analysis shows that the addition of nano Na~+MMT improves the thermal stability of the nano Na~+MMT/Curdlan-QAS composite film. The mechanical properties test also shows that the addition of nano Na~+MMT improves the tensile stress of the nanoscale Na~+MMT/Curdlan-QAS composite film. The 2.5%Na~+MMT nano Na~+MMT/Curdlan-QA is added to it. The S composite film has the maximum tensile stress (30.3 MPa). When the content of nano Na~+MMT is 1%, the elongation at break of nano Na~+MMT/Curdlan-QAS composite film reaches 167.4%. adding nano Na~+MMT to reduce the transmittance of nano Na~+MMT/Curdlan-QAS composite film, and can also reduce the absorption of nano Na~+MMT/Curdlan-QAS composite film. Water properties, when the addition of nano Na~+MMT is 2.5%, the film has the lowest water absorption.SEM results. The results show that Na~+MMT has been successfully dispersed into the PVA and Curdlan-QAS molecular matrix. The three show good compatibility and form the intercalation structure. The antibacterial results show that the nano Na~+MMT/ Curdlan-QAS composite film has obvious inhibition to Fusarium. Meanwhile, the bacteriostatic effect will not decrease with the increase of Na~+MMT content.

【学位授予单位】：江南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TB383.2

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