镍和氧化镍有序孔阵列的构筑及其性能研究

发布时间：2018-05-08 17:10

本文选题：胶体球模板 + 有序孔　；参考：《西南大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：纳米技术已经从对纳米材料的合成及其基础性质的探索,发展到利用不同维度纳米材料独特的性质进行生产应用的研究。近年来,纳米材料的新研究热点己逐渐转向二维有序纳米结构阵列的合成及其性质研究。目前,对于二维有序纳米阵列结构的研究已逐渐成为材料科学研究的前沿重要课题,在光学,光子学,光电子器件,磁学,信息科学,传感器,催化,数据存储,热电,生物技术等方面都有着很好的发展应用前景。二维有序纳米阵列结构是纳米材料体系的重要组分,是指在二维空间内选择相应的纳米结构单元(如颗粒、团簇、纳米级孔洞、纳米丝)按一定规律组成的对应结构体系。本论文中采用单层胶体晶体模板技术,利用恒电流沉积、热氧化处理和磁控溅射等方法,合成宏观尺度上有序的纳米孔阵列结构,并研究其结构相关的物性。论文重点探究了有序孔阵列结构的控制与合成方法,探索与阵列体系结构相关的性质。研究的内容如下：1、Ni及Ni-Pt合金有序孔阵列的构筑及磁性研究以聚苯乙烯胶体晶体为模板,采用恒电流沉积的方法在ITO基底上构筑了单质Ni,还在柔性的PET/ITO基底上构筑了Ni和Ni-Pt合金有序孔阵列结构。利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、能谱仪(EDS)、振动样品磁强计(VSM)和磁力显微镜(MFM)表征了样品的结构、组分和磁学特性。结果显示,所制备的单质Ni有序孔阵列结构呈现六方规则排列,磁性分析表明样品为具有较小矫顽力的良好软磁材料,其矫顽力和剩磁率随角度(外磁场与微纳阵列夹角)变化存在一定的规律。结合理论进行分析,单质Ni有序孔阵列本身的形状各向异性是其取得优良磁学性能的重要原因,孔洞形状各向异性和薄膜本身磁晶各向异性的竞争机制是造成其磁性发生变化的物理本质。所制备的Ni-Pt合金有序孔阵列结构可弯曲,其孔同样呈六方规则排列,孔径约为300 nm,孔间距约500 nm,材料中Pt元素的含量约为1.3%。磁性分析表明样品同样为具有较小矫顽力的良好软磁材料,在平行和垂直与磁场方向测得的矫顽力分别为495.77 A/m和770.71 A/m,具有磁各向异性特点。2、二维及三维氧化镍有序孔阵列的构筑及磁性研究以聚苯乙烯胶体晶体为模板,采用电化学沉积与热氧化处理相结合的方法在ITO基底上构筑了二维及三维NiO有序孔薄膜。利用扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪和振动样品磁强计考察了样品的形貌、结构和磁学特性。结果显示,所制备的NiO有序大孔薄膜的孔径和孔间距均为500 nm,三维NiO有序大孔薄膜厚度为2.4μm。磁性分析表明二维及三维NiO有序大孔薄膜样品均为具有较小矫顽力的良好软磁材料,具有磁各向异性的特点。3、NiO-ZnO异质结有序孔阵列的构筑及其电学性能研究以聚苯乙烯胶体晶体为模板,利用恒电流沉积与热氧化处理相结合的方法在ITO基底上构筑p型NiO薄膜,在此NiO薄膜衬底上通过磁控溅射制备n型ZnO薄膜,选用合适的生长条件,制备出NiO/ZnO异质结,此异质结构是由下而上依次生长在衬底上的p型NiO有序多孔薄膜和n型ZnO薄膜所构成。利用扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪探究了样品的形貌和结构,利用电化学工作站测量了NiO-ZnO异质结的电学性能。循环伏安测试展示出异质结具有显著的整流特性,表明成功制备了p-n异质结。
[Abstract]:Nanotechnology has developed from the exploration of the synthesis and basic properties of nanomaterials to the study of the production and application of the unique properties of nanomaterials with different dimensions. In recent years, the new research focus of nanomaterials has gradually shifted to the synthesis and properties of two-dimensional ordered nanostructured arrays. The research of array structure has gradually become an important subject in the research of material science. It has good prospects for development and application in the fields of optics, photonics, optoelectronic devices, magnetics, information science, sensors, catalysis, data storage, thermoelectricity, biological technology and so on. In this paper, a single colloidal crystal template technology is used in this paper to synthesize ordered nanoscale arrays on the macro scale by using the monolayer colloidal crystal template technology, using constant current deposition, thermal oxidation treatment and magnetically controlled splashing. Structure, and study its structure related properties. The paper focuses on the control and synthesis methods of ordered pore array structure, and explores the properties related to the array architecture. The contents of the research are as follows: 1, the construction and magnetic study of Ni and Ni-Pt alloy ordered porous arrays and magnetic studies using polystyrene colloidal crystals as templates, using constant current deposition method A single Ni was constructed on the ITO base, and an ordered pore array structure of Ni and Ni-Pt alloys was constructed on the flexible PET/ITO substrate. The structure, composition and magnetic properties of the samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X ray diffraction (XRD), EDS (EDS), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) and magnetic force microscopy (MFM). The results showed that the prepared samples were prepared. The structure of the single Ni ordered pore array is arranged in six square rules. The magnetic analysis shows that the sample is a good soft magnetic material with small coercive force. The coercive force and the remanence rate vary with the angle (the angle of the external magnetic field and the micro nano array). The important reason for obtaining excellent magnetic properties is that the competitive mechanism of the pore shape anisotropy and the magnetocrystalline anisotropy of the film itself is the physical nature of the change in magnetic properties. The ordered pore array structure of the Ni-Pt alloy is flexural. The pore size is also arranged in six square rules, the pore diameter is about 300 nm, the hole spacing is about 500 nm, and the Pt element in the material is in the material. The content of the element is about 1.3%. magnetic analysis indicating that the sample is also a good soft magnetic material with small coercivity. The coercive force measured in the direction of parallel and vertical and the magnetic field is 495.77 A/m and 770.71 A/m, respectively, with magnetic anisotropy.2. The construction and magnetic study of two-dimensional and three-dimensional ordered array of nickel oxide arrays and magnetic studies are polystyrene colloids A two-dimensional and three-dimensional NiO ordered pore film was constructed on the ITO substrate by electrochemical deposition and thermal oxidation. The morphology, structure and magnetic properties of the samples were investigated by scanning electron microscopy, X ray diffractometer and vibrating sample magnetometer. The results showed that the pores of the prepared NiO ordered macroporous films were made. The distance between the diameter and the hole is 500 nm, and the three-dimensional NiO ordered macroporous film thickness is 2.4 M. magnetic analysis. It shows that the two-dimensional and three-dimensional NiO ordered macroporous films are good soft magnetic materials with small coercive force. The magnetic anisotropy has the characteristics of.3, NiO-ZnO heterojunction ordered pore arrays and the electrical properties of polystyrene colloids The crystal is a template, using the method of constant current deposition and thermal oxidation to construct the P NiO thin film on the ITO substrate. The n ZnO thin film is prepared by magnetron sputtering on this NiO film substrate. The suitable growth conditions are used to prepare the NiO/ZnO heterojunction. This heterostructure is a p type NiO ordered NiO ordered by the lower and upper layers on the substrate. The pore film and N type ZnO thin film are made up. The morphology and structure of the sample are investigated by scanning electron microscope and X ray diffractometer. The electrical properties of the NiO-ZnO heterojunction are measured by the electrochemical workstation. The cyclic voltammetry test shows that the heterojunction has a remarkable rectifying characteristic, indicating the successful preparation of the p-n heterojunction.

【学位授予单位】：西南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TB383.1

【参考文献】