天然纳米材料控制农药分子流失的作用研究

发布时间：2018-05-16 02:00

本文选题：纳米材料 + 凹凸棒土　；参考：《安徽农业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：纳米材料的分散性能够影响它们的功能和在水溶液里悬浮能力,进而影响它们的应用,因此,提高纳米材料的分散性具有重要的意义。凹凸棒土分散成单一的纳米棒晶体结构对其发挥一维纳米吸附功能起到至关重要的作用。但是,凹凸棒土的天然存在状态是聚合物或者束状结构影响了它的纳米特性。本研究为了提高一种天然团聚纳米粘土凹凸棒土的分散性能,将具有微孔结构的秸秆灰加到凹凸棒土的悬浮液中,在超声的作用下制成了凹凸棒土和秸秆灰纳米复合物(ATP-BCS)。该方法可以有效的降低凹凸棒土颗粒大小,利用秸秆灰空间位阻效应和超声气蚀效应,最终有效的提高了凹凸棒土分散和悬浮能力。利用电子扫描电镜(SEM)、傅立叶变换红外光谱仪(FTIR)、X射线衍射(XRD)、动态光散射(DLS)、Zeta电位和能量散射X射线光谱(EDX)等方法检测了改性凹凸棒土和合成的纳米填充物的特征。DLS和Zeta电位结果表明借助于超声技术的气蚀效应和秸秆灰的空间位阻效应,凹凸棒土被分散成很小的束状或者单一的棒状。XRD、SEM和FTIR谱图说明通过氢键和物理作用,凹凸棒土成功地与秸秆灰结合在一起。表面和地下水的污染威胁根源在于农药的淋溶和流失。因此,如何提高农药的利用率和污染最小化成为农业和环境方面非常重要的问题。我们将凹凸棒土-秸秆灰复合物和秸秆灰作为基质或者载体添加到农药中,以控制农药的流失,并且命名为控失农药。实验结果表明,凹凸棒土-秸秆灰复合物和秸秆灰能有效提高农药的附着,从而减少农药的流失,可有效降低环境污染。
[Abstract]:The dispersity of nanomaterials can affect their function and suspension ability in aqueous solution, and then affect their application. Therefore, it is of great significance to improve the dispersion of nanomaterials. The dispersion of attapulgite into a single nanorod crystal structure plays an important role in the one-dimensional nanosorph adsorption of attapulgite. However, the natural state of attapulgite is that polymer or bunchy structure influences its nano-properties. In order to improve the dispersibility of a kind of natural agglomerated clay attapulgite, the straw ash with micropore structure was added to the suspension of attapulgite, and the nanocomposite ATP-BCSC of attapulgite and straw ash was prepared under the action of ultrasonic. This method can effectively reduce the particle size of attapulgite and improve the dispersion and suspension ability of attapulgite by using steric resistance effect of straw ash and ultrasonic cavitation effect. The characteristics of modified attapulgite and synthesized nano-fillers were detected by means of SEM, FTIR spectrometer, X-ray diffraction (XRDX), dynamic light scattering (DLS), Zeta potential and energy scattering X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). The results of Zeta potential showed that the cavitation effect and steric resistance of straw ash were affected by ultrasonic technique. The results of SEM and FTIR spectra show that attapulgite is successfully combined with straw ash by hydrogen bonding and physical interaction. Surface and groundwater pollution threats are rooted in the leaching and loss of pesticides. Therefore, how to improve the utilization of pesticides and minimize pollution has become a very important problem in agriculture and environment. The attapulgite straw ash complex and straw ash were added to the pesticide as the matrix or carrier to control the loss of the pesticide and named as the controlled loss pesticide. The experimental results show that attapulgite straw ash complex and straw ash can effectively improve the adhesion of pesticides and thus reduce the loss of pesticides and environmental pollution.
【学位授予单位】：安徽农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S48;TB383.1

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