钯纳米复合材料的制备及其光热性质研究

发布时间：2018-05-16 16:17

本文选题：光热治疗 + 花状多孔钯纳米粒子　；参考：《东北师范大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：近些年,贵金属纳米材料由于在光学传感、光学成像和光热治疗等方面具有广阔的应用前景而吸引了科学家们极大的研究兴趣。在众多生物医学应用中,无创、低损害的光热治疗近年来发展较快。光热治疗就是利用近红外光照射产生局部过热导致癌细胞被破坏,从而达到治疗目的。除在近红外区有较强的吸收和较高的光热转换效率外,结构稳定性和生物相容性也是光热治疗试剂应用中需要解决的的两个重要的实际问题。近几年,由于具有较高的光热转换效率和良好的热稳定性,钯纳米材料作为光热治疗试剂展现出巨大的应用前景。研究表明,对钯纳米粒子使用聚合物、生物大分子等进行修饰可以有效提高其生物相容性,此外,在材料表面修饰光敏剂或具有靶向分子可以进一步增强治疗效果。本论文围绕光热治疗试剂的需求,制备了两种钯纳米复合材料光热试剂,并应用于癌症的光热治疗中,具体工作内容包括:(1)使用种子中介法制备了花状多孔钯纳米粒子,随后将具有可控厚度的polypyrrol(PPy)修饰于花状钯纳米粒子表面制备了核壳结构的纳米复合物。研究表明,PPy的修饰使得钯纳米粒子在近红外吸收强度、光热转换效率、结构稳定性和生物相容性等方面都得到了提高。在活体外光热治疗实验中,在PPy包覆的钯纳米粒子存在下,使用功率为3 W·cm-2的近红外光照射10 min后海拉细胞存活率仅为16%,复合材料在癌症的光热治疗上展现出良好的应用前景。(2)我们通过水热法制备不同粒径和光学性质可调的钯纳米空心球,优化并使其到在近红外区具有吸收对应的粒子粒径。随后,将修饰有光敏剂Ce6的PEI负载到钯纳米空心球表面,得到同时具有光热性质和单线态氧释放作用的Pd-PEI-Ce6纳米复合物。由于钯纳米空心球的光热治疗和Ce6的光动力治疗的协同作用,该纳米复合物在研究中展现出突出的癌症治疗效果。
[Abstract]:In recent years, noble metal nanomaterials have attracted great interest due to their wide applications in optical sensing, optical imaging and photothermal therapy. In many biomedical applications, non-invasive, low-damage photothermal therapy has developed rapidly in recent years. Photothermal therapy is the use of near-infrared radiation to produce local overheating, leading to the destruction of cancer cells, thus achieving the purpose of treatment. Besides strong absorption and high photothermal conversion efficiency in near infrared region, structural stability and biocompatibility are two important practical problems to be solved in the application of photothermal therapy reagents. In recent years, because of its high photothermal conversion efficiency and good thermal stability, palladium nanomaterials as photothermal therapy agents have shown great application prospects. It is shown that the biocompatibility of palladium nanoparticles can be improved by the modification of polymer and biomolecules. In addition, the modification of Guang Min or targeted molecules on the surface of materials can further enhance the therapeutic effect. In this paper, two kinds of photothermal reagents of palladium nanocomposites were prepared according to the demand of photothermal therapy reagents, and they were used in photothermal therapy of cancer. Subsequently, the core-shell nanocomposites were prepared by modifying polypyrrolan PPyon with controllable thickness onto the surface of flower-like palladium nanoparticles. The results show that the modification of PPy improves the near infrared absorption intensity, photothermal conversion efficiency, structural stability and biocompatibility of palladium nanoparticles. In vitro photothermal therapy, in the presence of palladium nanoparticles coated with PPy, The survival rate of Haila cells irradiated with near-infrared light of 3 W cm-2 for 10 min was only 16. The composite showed a good prospect of application in photothermal therapy of cancer. (2) We prepared different particle sizes and optical properties by hydrothermal method. Modulated Palladium nanospheres, The particle size is optimized for absorption in the near infrared region. Then, the PEI modified with Guang Min agent Ce6 was loaded on the surface of palladium nanospheres to obtain Pd-PEI-Ce6 nanocomposites with both photothermal properties and singlet oxygen release. Due to the synergistic effect of photothermal therapy of palladium nanospheres and photodynamic therapy of Ce6, the nanocomposite showed outstanding effect in cancer treatment.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TB383.1;TQ138.23

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