石墨烯纳米杂化材料的制备及其在生物成像和光热治疗中的应用

发布时间：2018-05-26 10:22

本文选题：氧化石墨烯 + BaGdF5　；参考：《上海师范大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：自从2004年氧化石墨烯(GO)被发现以来,GO逐渐成为了一种新兴的纳米材料。由于其优越的光学、电学、热学性能,GO在生物医学和电化学领域有着广泛的研究前景。由于GO较大的比表面积和表面丰富的官能团,氧化石墨烯可以作为载体,在GO表面负载具有特定功能的纳米粒子或者大分子物质,应用于生物医学诊断治疗领域。氧化石墨烯在近红外区有较强的光学吸收,因此GO还可以作为光热剂,用于癌症的光热治疗研究,得到了理想的效果。本论文主要研究在氧化石墨烯表面修饰具有生物成像功能的Ba Gd F5纳米粒子或者硒化铋纳米粒子,并用聚乙二醇(PEG)或者聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)对材料进行表面修饰,使材料具有较好的生物相容性。制备的材料同时具有生物成像和光热治疗的功能。我们研究了材料在生物体内的MR、CT成像和肿瘤光热治疗效果。本论文共分为四章。第一章综述了氧化石墨烯的结构、性质、表面纳米粒子修饰以及生物成像和光热治疗应用。第二章研究了GO/Ba Gd F5/PEG纳米材料的制备、光热性质及其在MR、CT成像和癌症光热治疗方面的应用。GO/Ba Gd F5/PEG纳米材料通过溶剂热法制备,Ba Gd F5纳米粒子能够均匀牢固地附着在GO表面。所得GO/Ba Gd F5/PEG纳米材料具有较好的光热性质、光热稳定性、生物相容性和较低的生物毒性。GO/Ba Gd F5/PEG在细胞水平和荷瘤小鼠体内都表现出较好的MR、CT成像效果,说明该材料可作为一种多模式生物成像造影剂。最后进行了荷瘤小鼠体内的肿瘤光热治疗实验。经尾静脉注射的纳米材料能够在肿瘤部位富集,从而得到了很好的肿瘤光热消融治疗效果。GO/Ba Gd F5/PEG纳米材料集MR、CT成像和癌症光热治疗功能于一体,是一种在生物医学上很有应用前景的纳米材料。第三章研究了GO/Bi2Se3/PVP纳米材料在生物体内的CT成像和肿瘤的光热治疗。在荷瘤小鼠的肿瘤部位直接注射该材料,然后对小鼠进行CT成像扫描,得到了理想的肿瘤部位CT成像效果,说明该材料可作为CT成像造影剂,在CT成像方面具有潜在应用前景。同时,研究了GO/Ba Gd F5/PEG材料对肿瘤的光热消融效果,得到了理想的光热治疗效果。最后研究了该材料对荷瘤小鼠的毒性,实验结果表明材料进入小鼠体内后具有很小的生物毒性。因此,GO/Bi2Se3/PVP纳米材料可以作为生物体内的CT成像造影剂和癌症光热治疗剂。第四章对本论文得到的数据和结果进行了总结,最后对以GO为载体的纳米材料在生物成像和癌症光热治疗中的应用进行了前景展望。
[Abstract]:Since the discovery of graphene oxide (GOO) in 2004, go has gradually become a new nanometer material. Because of its excellent optical, electrical and thermal properties, go has a wide range of research prospects in biomedical and electrochemical fields. Because of its large specific surface area and abundant functional groups, graphene oxide can be used as a carrier to load nanoparticles or macromolecules with specific functions on the surface of go, which can be used in biomedical diagnosis and treatment. Graphene oxide has strong optical absorption in near infrared region, so go can also be used as photothermal agent for the study of photothermal treatment of cancer. In this paper, the surface modification of bagdF5 nanoparticles or bismuth selenide nanoparticles on graphene oxide surface was studied, and the surface modification was carried out with polyethylene glycol (PEG) or polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP). The material has good biocompatibility. The prepared materials have the functions of biologic imaging and photothermal therapy. We studied the effect of MRCT imaging and photothermal therapy of tumor in vivo. This thesis is divided into four chapters. In chapter 1, the structure and properties of graphene oxide, surface nanoparticles modification and applications of biometric imaging and photothermal therapy are reviewed. In chapter 2, the preparation and photothermal properties of GO/Ba Gd F5/PEG nanomaterials and their applications in CT imaging and photothermal therapy of cancer. The obtained GO/Ba Gd F5/PEG nanomaterials showed good photothermal properties, photothermal stability, biocompatibility and low biotoxicity. It shows that this material can be used as a multi-mode biological imaging contrast agent. Finally, the photothermal therapy of tumor in mice bearing tumor was carried out. The nanomaterials injected through caudal vein can be enriched in the tumor site, so that the photothermal ablation effect of the tumor is very good. GO-P / Ba Gd F5/PEG nanomaterials are integrated with MRCT imaging and photothermal therapy for cancer. It is a kind of nanomaterials with great application prospect in biomedicine. In chapter 3, CT imaging and photothermal therapy of GO/Bi2Se3/PVP nanomaterials in vivo were studied. The material was injected directly into the tumor site of the tumor-bearing mice, and then CT imaging was performed on the mice. The result showed that the material could be used as a contrast agent for CT imaging and had a potential application prospect in CT imaging. At the same time, the photothermal ablation effect of GO/Ba Gd F5/PEG was studied. Finally, the toxicity of the material to tumor-bearing mice was studied. So GOP / Bi2Se3 / PVP nanomaterials can be used as CT imaging contrast agents and photothermic agents for cancer in vivo. In chapter 4, the data and results obtained in this paper are summarized. Finally, the prospect of the application of go nanomaterials in biological imaging and photothermal therapy of cancer is prospected.
【学位授予单位】：上海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TB383.1;O613.71

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