水滑石—蒙脱土层板交替结构复合材料的合成研究

发布时间：2018-05-26 19:14

  本文选题：水滑石 + 蒙脱土　； 参考：《北京化工大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：水滑石与蒙脱土结构上都是二维层状结构,而且都较容易获得。目前两者的研究及应用都取得了不错的进展,两者在结构上具有相似性,但是层板及层间所带的电荷又完全相反,这些特性使得水滑石、蒙脱土组装成一种复合材料成为了现实。本文分别研究了用合适的表面活性剂插层改性水滑石和蒙脱土,探索了不同表面活性剂改性蒙脱土的最佳反应条件,改性后的水滑石和蒙脱土的层间距出现了明显的增大,证明了表面活性剂链长越长能撑大层板的间距越大,随后在三氯甲烷溶液的作用下分别对改性后的水滑石和蒙脱土进行了剥层处理,剥层后的胶体具有明显的丁达尔效应。将剥层后的单层层板材料在三氯甲烷溶液中混合,三氯甲烷溶液蒸发则两者的单层层板可以交替性的自组装在一起,形成水滑石—蒙脱土层板交替结构的复合新型材料。通过XRD、红外光谱吸收、扫描电镜、高分辨透射电镜对这种复合材料进行表征,其中MMT-CTAB与LDHS-SDS形成的复合材料通过XRD分析,小角衍射峰出现在2.20°,对应的层板间距为4.01nm,而MMT-1827与LDHS-SDS形成的复合材料衍射峰出现在1.99°,对应的层板间距为4.43nm,复合材料的合成效果要明显好于前一种方法,400℃条件煅烧后仍能保持层板结构,在催化亚麻籽油甲酯化的过程中有着较好的催化作用。这种制备方法也可以推广到其它具有双层层板结构的材料上,制备得到的新材料会具有更为优良的性能,用于更多的领域,具有广阔的应用前景。
[Abstract]:Both hydrotalcite and montmorillonite are two-dimensional layered structures and are easy to obtain. At present, good progress has been made in the research and application of both. They are structurally similar, but the charges carried between the laminates and the layers are completely opposite. These properties make the hydrotalcite, Montmorillonite assembled into a composite material became a reality. In this paper, the modified hydrotalcite and montmorillonite with suitable surfactant intercalation were studied, and the optimum reaction conditions of modified montmorillonite with different surfactants were explored. The interlayer spacing of modified hydrotalcite and montmorillonite increased obviously. It is proved that the longer the chain length of surfactant is, the larger the spacing of the laminates is, and then the modified hydrotalcite and montmorillonite are treated by stripping the modified hydrotalcite and montmorillonite respectively under the action of trichloromethane solution. The delaminated monolayer laminates were mixed in chloroform solution and the two monolayer laminates could be alternately self-assembled to form a new composite material with the alternating structure of hydrotalcite and montmorillonite when the chloroform solution evaporated. The composites were characterized by XRD, IR, SEM and HRTEM. The composites formed by MMT-CTAB and LDHS-SDS were analyzed by XRD. The small angle diffraction peak appeared at 2.20 掳, the corresponding laminate spacing was 4.01 nm, while the diffraction peak of MMT-1827 / LDHS-SDS composite appeared at 1.99 掳and the corresponding laminate spacing was 4.43 nm. The synthesis effect of the composite was better than that of the former method at 400 鈩，

本文编号：1938570