水下冲击作用下纤维复合材料板的动力响应研究

发布时间：2018-05-26 16:50

本文选题：碳纤维复合材料 + LS-DYNA　；参考：《江苏科技大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：纤维增强复合材料因其具有比刚度和比强度大,而比重小等特点,在汽车、建筑、船舶制造、船舶防护、航空航天等行业得到了广泛应用。自上个世纪90年代以来,欧美等国均将先进复合材料在各种船舶结构中的应用,作为了未来的发展方向,因此可以预见,先进复合材料在船舶工业中将得到越来越多的应用。因此了解并掌握其水下抗冲击性能是非常有必要的,以此来充分发挥其自身的防护能力。本文首先使用有限元软件LS-DYNA对水下爆炸模拟装置进行建模分析,通过对5A06铝合金靶板进行冲击加载,来验证该模拟装置对模拟水下爆炸冲击波的可行性与可靠性。然后利用该水下爆炸模拟装置对碳纤维复合材料板的水下抗冲击动力响应进行实验研究,对碳纤维复合材料板在不同强度的水下冲击作用下的破坏形式进行初步分类,并着重分析了水下冲击波的峰值压力与衰减时间分别对碳纤维复合材料板的破坏产生的不同影响。最后通过将碳纤维复合材料与5A06铝合金和Q235钢进行对比,具体分析其抗冲击性能与防护性能。本文主要得到如下结论:(1)水下爆炸模拟装置能够很好的模拟水下爆炸冲击波,并且通过改变飞片的质量和冲击速度可以分别用来调整该水下爆炸冲击波的衰减时间和峰值压力。(2)碳纤维复合材料板的失效破坏可分为三类:在较低水下冲击波压力下,碳纤维复合材料板发生塑性变形,靶板表面无明显破坏(I型);随着冲击波压力的提高,靶板除了塑性变形以外,在靶板中部出现纤维分层,并且分层的纤维因受到拉伸作用而发生断裂(II型);随着冲击波压力的进一步提高,靶板在固支边界处发生纤维分层,并且分层的纤维发生剪切断裂(III型)。(3)通过对不同冲击波作用下靶板的破坏分析,得出水下冲击波的峰值压力主要影响靶板破坏的模式,而水下冲击波的衰减时间则通过改变流固耦合参数来影响靶板破坏时的严重程度。(4)在相同面密度条件下,碳纤维复合材料的水下抗冲击性能要高于5A06铝合金和Q235钢。
[Abstract]:Fiber reinforced composites have been widely used in automobile, building, ship manufacturing, ship protection, aerospace and other industries because of its high specific stiffness and specific strength, but small specific gravity. Since the 1990s, the application of advanced composite materials in various ship structures has been regarded as the future development direction in Europe and America, so it can be predicted that advanced composite materials will be applied more and more in the shipbuilding industry. Therefore, it is very necessary to understand and master its underwater impact resistance, so as to give full play to its own protection ability. In this paper, the finite element software LS-DYNA is used to model and analyze the underwater explosion simulation device. The feasibility and reliability of the simulation device for simulating underwater explosion shock wave are verified by the impact loading on the 5A06 aluminum alloy target plate. Then the underwater impact dynamic response of carbon fiber composite plate is experimentally studied by using the underwater explosion simulation device, and the failure modes of carbon fiber composite plate under different underwater impact strength are preliminarily classified. The effects of peak pressure and attenuation time of underwater shock wave on the failure of carbon fiber composite plate were analyzed. Finally, the impact and protective properties of carbon fiber composites were compared with those of 5A06 aluminum alloy and Q235 steel. The main conclusions of this paper are as follows: 1) underwater explosion simulation device can simulate underwater explosion shock wave very well. And by changing the mass and impact velocity of the flyer, the attenuation time and peak pressure of the underwater blast shock wave can be adjusted respectively.) the failure of the carbon fiber composite plate can be divided into three categories: under the lower underwater shock wave pressure, With the increase of shock wave pressure, fiber delamination occurs in the middle of the target plate, besides plastic deformation, with the increase of shock wave pressure, fiber delamination occurs in the middle of the target plate. Furthermore, the delamination of the laminated fibers occurs due to the tensile action, and with the further increase of the shock wave pressure, the fiber delamination occurs at the clamped boundary of the target plate. By analyzing the failure of target plate under different shock waves, it is concluded that the peak pressure of underwater shock wave mainly affects the failure mode of target plate. However, the attenuation time of underwater shock wave affects the damage severity of target plate by changing the fluid-solid coupling parameters.) at the same surface density, the underwater impact resistance of carbon fiber composite is higher than that of 5A06 aluminum alloy and Q235 steel.
【学位授予单位】：江苏科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U668.5;TB332

【参考文献】