重组煤族组分制备超级电容器复合电极研究

发布时间：2018-06-01 07:30

  本文选题：超级电容器 + 复合电极　； 参考：《中国矿业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：采用萃取反萃取法分离煤全组分得到四大族组分,即重质组、密中质组、疏中质组和轻质组。将疏中质组和密中质组胶体按照一定质量比混合均匀,加入泡沫镍浸渍涂抹,震荡使其黏连于泡沫镍上,经反萃、烘干、炭化得炭/泡沫镍复合体,再放入一定浓度的活化剂溶液中浸泡,干燥后在一定温度下活化得到多孔碳/泡沫镍复合电极,用6mol/L的KOH做电解质溶液,检测电化学性能。结果表明:重组煤中疏中质组与密中质组族组分并涂抹于泡沫镍骨架上,经炭化、活化可以得到性能良好的超级电容器多孔炭/泡沫镍复合电极,其在25m A/g充放电电流密度下比电容最高达256.8F/g,复合电极内阻多在5Ω左右,最低达3.12Ω;较佳的复合电极制备条件为:疏密比0.04,炭化终温570℃,炭化中间恒温温度450℃和570℃,中间恒温时间均为60min,KOH活化剂时碱水比为0.6,活化温度750℃。复合电极层次孔分布有两种类型:峰型阶梯式和弥散式,其中以峰型阶梯式的比电容量较高。峰型阶梯式有5种层次孔范围,分别是0.5nm左右、0.8nm左右、1.2nm左右、1.4-1.7nm之间及2.2-3.0nm之间,V微/V中孔容比及S微/S中比表面积比与比电容C有着三维空间平面关系;弥散式主要有2种层次孔,分别是0.5nm左右,1.0-2.0nm之间,其复合电极比电容量较小的原因在于0.5-2.0nm之间的孔径分布较少。多孔炭/泡沫镍复合电极内部的层次孔结构是由大孔到微孔顺序嵌套,形成大孔嵌套中孔,中孔嵌套微孔的层次孔嵌套模型,这些大孔与复合电极材料外围的三维空间直接相连,从而有利于电解质离子进入微孔表面。
[Abstract]:The extraction and back extraction method was used to separate the whole components of coal into four groups, namely, heavy group, dense medium group, sparse medium group and light weight group. The colloids of the thinning group and the dense group were mixed evenly according to a certain mass ratio, then the foam nickel was impregnated and smeared, and the colloid was bonded to the foam nickel by shock. The carbon / nickel foam complex was obtained by stripping, drying and carbonizing. The porous carbon / foamed nickel composite electrode was obtained by soaking in a certain concentration of activator solution after drying at a certain temperature. KOH of 6mol/L was used as electrolyte solution to test electrochemical performance. The results show that the porous carbon / nickel foam composite electrode of supercapacitor can be obtained by carbonization and carbonization. The maximum specific capacitance is 256.8 F / g at 25 Ma / g current density, and the internal resistance of composite electrode is about 5 惟 and the lowest is 3.12 惟. The optimum preparation conditions of composite electrode are as follows: density ratio 0.04, carbonization final temperature 570 鈩，

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