银系纳米材料的制备与组装及其SERS性能的研究

发布时间：2018-06-09 01:35

本文选题：银纳米材料 + 表面增强拉曼散射　；参考：《华东交通大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：纳米材料具有块体材料所不具有的优异的物理，化学和机械性能等，这使得纳米材料在光学，电学，磁学，催化，生物传感等方面具有大的应用前景。然而，纳米材料这些性能与其形貌，大小以及排列方式都有很大的关系，因此对这些因素与纳米材料性能的关系进行研究已成为目前科研的热点。银纳米材料因其优异的导电导热性、良好的光学特性和优良的表面等离子体共振性（SPR）等受到了科研工作者的广泛关注，尤其是银纳米材料在表面增强拉曼散射（SERS）效应上的优良表现，使与其相关的研究至今仍是大家关注的热点。因此对银纳米材料的可控制备及SERS性能的研究具有重要的意义。本论文通过不同的思路研究了银纳米材料形貌，组装方法等对其SERS性能的影响及其应用，主要工作分为以下几部分： 1，为探究银纳米材料形貌对SERS性能的影响，通过化学还原法制备出了粒径分布均匀的零维银纳米颗粒（Ag NPs），一维银纳米线（Ag NWs），二维银纳米片（Ag NSs）和三维银纳米立方（Ag NCs），采用水-油-气三相界面组装的方法得到多层银纳米阵列。结合X-射线衍射(XRD)和SERS分析结果我们探索了晶面对SERS的影响，并完善了化学增强在SERS中作用的理论基础。 2，自组装对银纳米材料的SERS性能影响的研究。通过水-油-气三相界面组装的方法，将散乱分布的一维Ag NWs有序化，制备出有序排列的Ag NWs薄膜，通过研究散乱分布，单层有序薄膜及多层有序薄膜的SERS性能，探索了排列方式对银纳米材料SERS性能的影响。进一步对有序单层Ag NWs薄膜的农药残留检测性能进行了测试，确定了其在食品安全分析方面的应用前景。 3，金属有机框架（MOF）由于其规整的空间排布规律、简便可控的多维晶型、大小可调的孔径，使其一直在气体分离等方面有着广泛的应用前景。贵金属与MOF材料的有效结合使其在新型催化剂的制备方面开辟了一个新的思路。以MOF材料为基底，，采用银纳米材料对其进行改性同样制备出了一种具有优良SERS性能的Ag/ZIF-90复合薄膜，这种薄膜同时对目标分子表现出优良的检测性能。 4，为进一步提高银纳米材料基底在生物分子分析及检测方面的应用，通过构筑一种超疏水界面基底，可以将所需检测的分析物在超疏水基底表面浓缩，从而提供了一种超灵敏的检测环境，相对于一般亲水银纳米基底的SERS检测性能有了进一步提升。
[Abstract]:Nanomaterials have excellent physical, chemical and mechanical properties that bulk materials do not, which makes nanomaterials have great application prospects in optics, electricity, magnetism, catalysis, biosensor and so on. However, these properties of nanomaterials are closely related to their morphology, size and arrangement. Therefore, the research on the relationship between these factors and the properties of nanomaterials has become a hot research topic at present. Due to its excellent thermal conductivity, good optical properties and excellent surface plasmon resonance (SPR), silver nanomaterials have attracted wide attention from researchers. Especially, the excellent performance of silver nanomaterials in surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) effect makes the research related to SERS still a hot topic. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the controllable preparation and SERS properties of silver nanomaterials. In this paper, the effects of morphology and assembly methods of silver nanomaterials on SERS properties and their applications are studied in different ways. The main work is as follows: 1. In order to explore the influence of silver nano-materials morphology on SERS properties, By chemical reduction method, the zero-dimensional silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPsN), one-dimensional silver nanowires (Ag-NWsN), two-dimensional silver nanowires (Ag NSsS) and three-dimensional silver nanocrystalline (Ag NCsN) have been prepared by chemical reduction method. The method of water-oil-gas three-phase interface assembly has been used to obtain silver nanocrystals. To multilayer silver nanoarrays. In combination with the results of X-ray diffraction (XRD) and SERS analysis, we have explored the effect of crystal surface on SERS and perfected the theoretical basis of chemical reinforcement in SERS. 2. The effect of self-assembly on the SERS properties of silver nanomaterials has been studied. The one-dimensional Ag NWs films with scattered distribution were ordered by the method of water-oil-gas three-phase interface assembly, and the SERS properties of the scattered, single-layer ordered films and multilayer ordered films were studied. The effect of arrangement on SERS properties of silver nanomaterials was investigated. The pesticide residue detection performance of ordered monolayer Ag NWs thin films was further tested, and its application prospect in food safety analysis was determined. 3. Due to its regular spatial arrangement, MOFF is a simple and controllable multidimensional crystal form. Because of its adjustable pore size, it has been widely used in gas separation. The effective combination of noble metals and MOF materials has opened up a new idea in the preparation of new catalysts. A kind of Ag / ZIF-90 composite film with excellent SERS properties was also prepared by the modification of silver nanomaterials on MOF substrates. In order to further improve the application of silver nanomaterials in biomolecular analysis and detection, a superhydrophobic interface substrate was constructed. The analysis can be concentrated on the surface of superhydrophobic substrate, which provides an ultra-sensitive detection environment, and improves the performance of SERS detection compared with the general silver hydrophilic nano-substrates.
【学位授予单位】：华东交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TB383.1;O657.37

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