铝基合金相变储热材料热物性及储热特性研究

发布时间：2018-06-14 06:18

本文选题：相变储热 + 铝合金　；参考：《华北电力大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：利用太阳能发电可以有效缓解传统热力发电带来的能源短缺、资源枯竭、环境污染等问题。太阳能集中式热发电系统效率高,易于大型化,发展潜力巨大,然而太阳能的获取与实际能量的需求之间常常是不匹配的,因此需要配备储热子系统来实现能量的连续供应。储热系统工作效率的高低很大程度上取决于所采用的储热介质,相变储热材料可实现在基本恒定的温度下储存大量的相变潜热,具有很大的应用前景。而在高温相变储热材料中,铝基合金因其优良的性能表现出了极大的发展潜力。本文主要针对铝基合金相变储热材料开展相关的热物性及其储热特性研究。论文在对铝基合金相变储热材料进行成分设计的基础上,经高温熔炼制备了多种铝基二元和三元相变储热材料。采用滴定法、重量法和电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法相结合测试了相变储热材料的成分,采用差示扫描量热法测定了铝基合金材料的相变温度、相变潜热及比热,采用激光脉冲法在不同温度下测量了铝基合金相变材料的热扩散率,并计算得到了相应的导热系数,得到了元素种类和添加量对铝基合金材料主要热物性的影响规律,结合实验研究结果分别推荐了计算不同温度下铝基合金相变储热材料的比热计算公式和导热系数计算公式,对试样在400～800℃内的总储热量进行了计算分析,得到了合金元素种类和添加量对铝基合金单位质量材料储热量和单位体积储热量的影响规律。综合衡量了所制备的各合金材料的相变温度、相变潜热、单位质量和单位体积储热量及导热系数,得到了具有最优储热性能的铝合金相变储热材料,为相关储热系统设计提供了基本的物性参数及参考依据。
[Abstract]:Solar power generation can effectively alleviate the problems of energy shortage, resource exhaustion and environmental pollution caused by traditional thermal power generation. The solar centralized thermal power generation system is highly efficient, easy to be large, and has great potential for development. However, solar energy is often not matched with the actual energy demand, so it is required to be equipped with a thermal storage system. The efficiency of the heat storage system depends largely on the heat storage medium used. The phase change heat storage material can actually store a large amount of latent heat of phase change under the basic constant temperature, and it has a great application prospect. In the high temperature phase change heat storage material, the aluminum base alloy is characterized by its excellent performance. In this paper, the thermal properties and heat storage characteristics of aluminum based alloy phase change materials are mainly studied in this paper. On the basis of the composition design of the aluminum based alloy phase change materials, a variety of aluminum based two and three phase thermal storage materials have been prepared by high temperature melting. The phase change temperature, latent heat and specific heat were measured by differential scanning calorimetry (differential scanning calorimetry). The thermal diffusivity of Al based alloy phase change materials was measured at different temperatures by laser pulse calorimetry. The corresponding thermal conductivity system was calculated. The effect of element type and addition amount on the main thermal properties of aluminum based alloy materials is obtained. The calculation formula for calculating the specific heat and thermal conductivity of the phase change heat storage materials at different temperatures are recommended respectively. The total heat storage of the sample at 400~800 C is calculated and analyzed. The effect of the type and amount of alloying elements on the heat storage and unit volume heat storage of the aluminum base alloy per unit mass material is studied. The phase change temperature, latent heat of phase change, unit mass and unit volume heat storage and thermal conductivity are synthetically measured, and the phase change heat storage material with the best heat storage property is obtained. The material provides basic physical parameters and references for the design of the relevant heat storage system.
【学位授予单位】：华北电力大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TB34

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