玻璃纤维增强复合材料自动扶梯梯级设计研究

发布时间：2018-06-16 03:39

本文选题：自动扶梯梯级 + 复合材料　；参考：《湖南大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着降低能耗、节约资源的呼声日益增高,机械结构的轻量化研究受到越来越多的重视,目前在空间结构和汽车等领域已广泛应用了轻量化技术。电梯作为现代社会的耗电大户之一,如何降低持续运转的自动扶梯的能耗,是亟需解决的问题。在一台自动扶梯中,由于梯级数量众多,又是经常运动的部件,所以,在保证梯级结构性能满足规定要求的前提下,减轻梯级的质量,对于降低自动扶梯的能耗、节约铝合金资源以及提高经济效益具有重要意义。本文以江苏某电梯企业的复合材料探索应用研究项目为基础,根据纤维增强复合材料轻质高强的特点,结合自动扶梯梯级的自身结构特点,设计一款复合材料自动扶梯梯级,然后按照国标GB 16899-2011《自动扶梯和自动人行道的制造与安装安全规范》的要求,对其进行静载和动载实验仿真,探索研究玻璃纤维增强复合材料应用于自动扶梯梯级上实现轻量化的可行性。论文主要研究分析工作如下：首先,以整体式压铸铝合金自动扶梯梯级为研究对象,根据玻璃纤维增强复合材料轻质高强的特点,结合自动扶梯梯级的自身结构特点,设计一款复合材料自动扶梯梯级,然后按照自动扶梯梯级国标的静载实验要求,分别对其和整体式压铸铝合金自动扶梯梯级进行静载实验仿真,得到两种材料梯级的位移云图和等效应力云图,并进行对比分析。其次,按照自动扶梯梯级国标的动载实验要求,分别对两种材料梯级进行了模态分析,谐响应分析和疲劳分析,得到了两种材料梯级的前六阶固有频率和振型、位移响应云图和位移响应曲线图、疲劳寿命云图和疲劳安全系数云图,并对结果进行分析对比。最后,根据两种材料梯级的静载和动载实验仿真分析对比结果,对玻璃纤维增强复合材料自动扶梯梯级进行拓扑优化设计,使其的静载和动载实验性能在满足自动扶梯梯级国标的要求以及不低于整体式压铸铝合金自动扶梯梯级静载和动载实验性能的前提下,进一步减轻其质量。本文的分析研究工作对轻质高强纤维增强复合材料在自动扶梯梯级上的探索应用提供了一定参考。
[Abstract]:With the increasing demand of reducing energy consumption and saving resources, more and more attention has been paid to the lightweight research of mechanical structures. At present, lightweight technology has been widely used in the fields of space structure and automobile. As one of the major power users in modern society, how to reduce the energy consumption of the escalator is an urgent problem to be solved. In an escalator, because of the large number of steps and the frequent movement of components, the quality of the escalator can be reduced by reducing the energy consumption of the escalator on the premise of ensuring that the performance of the cascade structure meets the prescribed requirements. It is of great significance to save aluminum alloy resources and improve economic benefits. Based on the research project of composite material exploration and application in an elevator enterprise in Jiangsu province, according to the characteristics of fiber reinforced composite material, light weight and high strength, combined with the structural characteristics of escalator step itself, a composite escalator step was designed in this paper. Then according to the requirements of GB 16899-2011 "Safety Code for the manufacture and installation of escalators and automatic sidewalks", the static and dynamic load experiments are simulated. To explore the feasibility of glass fiber reinforced composites (GFRP) used in escalator steps to achieve lightweight. The main research work of this paper is as follows: firstly, taking the integral die casting aluminum alloy escalator as the research object, according to the characteristics of the glass fiber reinforced composite material with light weight and high strength, combined with the structure characteristics of the escalator ladder, A composite escalator step was designed. According to the static load test requirements of the escalator ladder national standard, the static load test simulation was carried out on it and the integral die cast aluminum alloy escalator ladder respectively. The displacement cloud diagram and equivalent stress cloud diagram of two kinds of materials are obtained and compared. Secondly, according to the requirements of the dynamic load experiment of the escalator ladder national standard, the modal analysis, harmonic response analysis and fatigue analysis of the two kinds of material step are carried out, and the first six natural frequencies and modes of the two material steps are obtained. The displacement response cloud diagram, displacement response curve, fatigue life cloud diagram and fatigue safety factor cloud diagram are analyzed and compared. Finally, according to the simulation results of static load and dynamic load of two kinds of material step, the topology optimization design of glass fiber reinforced composite escalator ladder is carried out. The experimental results of static and dynamic loading can further reduce the quality of the escalator under the condition of satisfying the requirements of the national standard of escalator ladder and not lower than the static and dynamic load test performance of the monolithic die casting aluminum alloy escalator. The analysis and research work in this paper provides a certain reference for the exploration and application of light and high strength fiber reinforced composites in escalator steps.
【学位授予单位】：湖南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TH236;TB33

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