基于银纳米材料催化与荧光特性的传感技术

发布时间：2018-06-21 04:54

本文选题：银纳米材料 + 明胶　；参考：《曲阜师范大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：银纳米材料特别是银纳米簇(Ag NCs),具有良好的纳米小尺寸效应、荧光特性、以及过氧化物酶活性等,已成为当今材料学、化学和生物学以及纳米医学的研究热点之一,并被广泛应用于生物标记、细胞成像、酶催化以及重金属离子与生物小分子传感检测等领域。本论文主要从以下几个方面进行了研究:(一)以具有溶胶-凝胶转换特性的明胶为稳定剂和还原剂,一锅式反应合成了具有过氧化物酶活性和高稳定性的银纳米颗粒。通过在常见酶促反应体系中各种金属离子对其催化性能的考察,证实了汞离子能够显著增强银纳米颗粒的催化活性。应用96孔板实现了对复杂体系(血液和废水)中汞离子高通量地测定,而且能借助明胶独特的溶胶-凝胶转换特性于常温下稳定地存储。此外,该方法能避免传统检测方法如荧光法受复杂体系背景干扰的影响。(二)以谷胱甘肽和硫辛酸为稳定剂和模板,合成了高荧光强度的银纳米簇。谷胱甘肽的引入,成功实现了金属离子特异性识别的转移,即加谷胱甘肽之前对汞离子响应转变为加谷胱甘肽之后对铜离子响应,同时伴随着颜色变化,从而开发了一种荧光和比色双重检测铜离子的传感器,并成功应用于血液中铜离子的双重检测,此外,螯合剂乙二胺四乙酸的引入实现了银纳米簇的荧光恢复。将该纳米簇与小鼠肌肉组织进行培养,可用于组织细胞的示踪标记。(三)利用明胶还原银反应并在合适时间借助低温速冻终止反应,制备了包含银纳米颗粒与银离子的明胶银纳米复合材料。研究表明,在碱性环境下该复合材料对甲醛具有高特异识别性能,银纳米颗粒催化甲醛还原银离子反应可引起银纳米颗粒的增长,实现复合材料颜色信号的显著改变。同时,借助明胶的独特溶胶-凝胶转换特性,将银复合材料稳定固定于毛细管壁,进而利用毛细现象自动吸取样品,实现了对水产品中甲醛的简便、灵敏、快速、可视化的比色分析。
[Abstract]:Silver nanomaterials, especially silver nanoclusters, such as small size effect, fluorescence characteristics and peroxidase activity, have become one of the hot research fields in materials science, chemistry, biology and nanomedicine. It has been widely used in biomarkers, cell imaging, enzyme catalysis and the detection of heavy metal ions and biological small molecules. In this paper, we have studied the following aspects: 1. Silver nanoparticles with peroxidase activity and high stability were synthesized by one-pot reaction using gelatin with sol-gel conversion as stabilizer and reductant. It is proved that mercury ion can significantly enhance the catalytic activity of silver nanoparticles by investigating the catalytic performance of various metal ions in the common enzymatic reaction system. The high throughput determination of mercury ions in complex systems (blood and wastewater) has been achieved by using 96 hole plates and can be stably stored at room temperature with the help of the unique sol-gel conversion characteristics of gelatin. In addition, this method can avoid the influence of complex system background interference on traditional detection methods such as fluorescence method. (2) Silver nanoclusters with high fluorescence intensity were synthesized with glutathione and lipoic acid as stabilizers and templates. The introduction of glutathione successfully achieved the transfer of metal ion specific recognition, that is, the response to mercury ion before glutathione was changed to copper ion after glutathione addition, and the color change was accompanied by the change of color. A dual detection sensor for copper ions was developed, which was successfully applied to the detection of copper ions in blood. In addition, the fluorescence recovery of silver nanoclusters was realized by the introduction of the chelating agent ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid. The nanoclusters were cultured with mouse muscle tissue and could be used for tracer labeling of tissue cells. (3) Gelatin silver nanocomposites containing silver nanoparticles and silver ions were prepared by reducing silver with gelatin and terminating at a suitable time by rapid freezing at low temperature. The results show that the composite has a high specific recognition ability to formaldehyde in alkaline environment. Silver nanoparticles catalyze the reduction of silver ions by formaldehyde can lead to the increase of silver nanoparticles and the significant change of color signals of the composite materials. At the same time, with the help of the unique sol-gel conversion characteristics of gelatin, the silver composite material was stably fixed on the capillary wall, and then the sample was automatically absorbed by capillary phenomenon, which realized the simplicity, sensitivity and rapidity of formaldehyde in aquatic products. Visual colorimetric analysis.
【学位授予单位】：曲阜师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：O614.122;TB383.1

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