碳基复合纳米材料合成及其应用的研究

发布时间：2018-06-27 11:42

本文选题：光热治疗 + 碳基复合纳米材料　；参考：《东北师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来,癌症成为损害人类健康的重要疾病之一。传统的治疗方法包括手术,放疗和化疗,往往难以达到预期的治疗效果,而且放疗和化疗还会对正常的组织产生毒副作用,对机体损害严重。随着生物医学技术的不断地发展,光热治疗(PTT)成为研究热点。光热治疗利用可吸收近红外光(NIR)的纳米试剂将光转换成高温热量,使肿瘤部位温度升高,从而杀死肿瘤组织。由于近红外激光的高渗透性和低衰减性以及对肿瘤部位针对性的照射,光热治疗实现了肿瘤组织的被动靶向治疗,从而降低了对正常组织的毒副作用。在已报导的光热转换材料中,碳基纳米材料由于极高的光热转换效率、良好的生物相容性及稳定性等优点而备受关注。同时,在癌症早期阶段发现并及时治疗是治疗癌症的关键。因此,设计制备能同时实现成像诊断和高效光热治疗的碳基复合纳米粒子仍然是一个巨大挑战。本文以一种新颖简便,并且重复性好的合成策略,得到尺寸均一、分散性良好的Fe_3O_4@C/ZnP复合纳米粒子。所合成的粒子尺寸和形貌是可调控的。制备的粒子具备良好的生物相容性,较高的载药量和pH/NIR双响应药物释放性,可用于光热-化学协同治疗。该纳米粒子具有较强的磁性,可作为造影剂用于核磁成像(MRI)。因此,合成的Fe_3O_4@C/ZnP复合纳米粒子在同时核磁成像诊断和协同光热-化学治疗方面具有良好的应用前景。在进一步工作中,我们用一种新颖、重复性良好的方法合成了具有双面神结构的多功能Au@C/MnO复合纳米粒子。基于碳基光热材料可吸收近红外光,Au@C/MnO双面神复合纳米粒子可用于光热治疗和光声成像(PAI)造影剂;同时,Mn~(2+)具有顺磁性可用于MRI,Au纳米粒子可应用于计算机断层扫描(CT)成像,因此Au@C/MnO纳米粒子具有集CT成像、T1核磁成像和PA成像于一体的多模成像能力和光热治疗能力。经实验证明,该纳米粒子具有很高的载药能力和pH/NIR双响应药物释放能力,可用作药物载体进行化学治疗。所以,制备的Au@C/MnO双面神复合纳米粒子在多模成像诊断和协同光热-化学治疗癌症方面具有很大的潜力。
[Abstract]:In recent years, cancer has become one of the most important diseases harmful to human health. The traditional treatment methods include surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, which are often difficult to achieve the desired therapeutic effect. Moreover, radiotherapy and chemotherapy can also produce toxic side effects on normal tissues and cause serious damage to the body. With the development of biomedical technology, photothermal therapy (PTT) has become a research hotspot. Photothermal therapy converts light into high temperature heat by means of NIR (absorbable near infrared light) nanoparticles, which increases the temperature of the tumor and kills the tumor tissue. Because of the high permeability and low attenuation of near infrared laser and the targeted irradiation to the tumor site, photothermal therapy can realize the passive targeted therapy of tumor tissue, thus reducing the toxicity and side effect to normal tissue. Among the reported photothermal conversion materials, carbon based nanomaterials have attracted much attention due to their high photothermal conversion efficiency, good biocompatibility and stability. At the same time, early detection of cancer and timely treatment is the key to the treatment of cancer. Therefore, it is still a great challenge to design and fabricate carbon-based composite nanoparticles that can achieve both imaging diagnosis and high-efficiency photothermal therapy. In this paper, a novel, simple and reproducible synthesis strategy is used to obtain Fe3O _ 4C / ZnP composite nanoparticles with uniform size and good dispersion. The size and morphology of the synthesized particles are adjustable. The prepared particles have good biocompatibility, high drug loading and double response drug release at pH / NIR, and can be used in photothermal chemotherapeutic therapy. The nanoparticles have strong magnetic properties and can be used as contrast media for nuclear magnetic imaging (MRI). Therefore, the synthesized Fe3Oobo-4C- / ZnP composite nanoparticles have a good prospect in simultaneous nuclear magnetic imaging diagnosis and photothermal chemotherapeutic cooperation. In further work, a novel and reproducible method has been used to synthesize the multifunctional Aur / MNO composite nanoparticles with double facet structure. Based on the fact that carbon based photothermal material can absorb near infrared light, Aur C / MNO composite nanoparticles can be used in photothermal therapy and photoacoustic imaging (PAI) contrast agent, and mn ~ (2) has paramagnetic properties, it can be used in computer tomography (CT) imaging. Therefore, Autelian C / MNO nanoparticles have the ability of multimode imaging and photothermal therapy, which are integrated with CT imaging, T1 nuclear magnetic field imaging and PA imaging. It has been proved that the nanoparticles have high drug loading ability and double response drug release ability of pH / NIR, which can be used as drug carrier for chemotherapeutic therapy. Therefore, the prepared Audistant C / MNO composite nanoparticles have great potential in multimode imaging diagnosis and synergistic photothermal chemotherapeutic therapy of cancer.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：R73-36;TB383.1

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