功能化淀粉纳米晶的制备及其在生物可降解材料中的应用

发布时间：2018-06-29 21:19

  本文选题：功能化淀粉纳米晶 + 接枝聚合　； 参考：《广西大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文通过交联反应、接枝聚合反应等方法制备了功能化淀粉纳米晶,通过FT-IR、1HNMR、XRD、SEM等进行结构和形貌表征,并通过浸润性实验分析其在极性溶剂和非极性溶剂中的分散性。实验结果表明,功能化淀粉纳米晶的颗粒分散性得到提高,粒径增大。FT-IR和1H NMR表明聚苯乙烯接枝到淀粉纳米晶表面,环氧氯丙烷与淀粉纳米晶表面的羟基发生了交联反应。XRD结果表明功能化后的淀粉纳米晶基本不改变原淀粉纳米晶的晶型。同时,浸润性实验表明功能化淀粉纳米晶表现出良好的双亲性。将功能化淀粉纳米晶添加到聚乳酸中制得功能化淀粉纳米晶/聚乳酸纳米复合材料,通过SEM观察其界面相容性,并使用FT-IR、XRD等方法表征其分子结构和结晶结构,用DSC分析其热性能,并对其力学性能、透水蒸气性进行测试。实验结果表明,添加1%-8%的功能化淀粉纳米晶不改变聚乳酸基体的结构。DSC结果表明,功能化淀粉纳米晶的添加将聚乳酸基体的玻璃化转变温度降低了10℃,而对其熔融温度影响不大。力学性能测试结果表明,当交联淀粉纳米晶的添加量为3%时,能显著提高纳米复合材料的强度和韧性,与纯聚乳酸材料相比,其拉伸强度提高12%,弹性模量增加35%,断裂伸长则增加了16%；聚苯乙烯接枝粉纳米晶添加量在1%时,纳米复合材料的拉伸强度、模量均得到提高,断裂伸长变化不大,而随着添加量的增加,模量一直在增加,当添加量为8%时,达到20%。功能化淀粉纳米晶/聚乳酸纳米复合材料的断面微观结构表明,交联淀粉纳米晶的添加量在1%-3%时,分散均匀,并且断面结构有小凸起,说明交联淀粉纳米晶与聚乳酸基体间有很好的相互作用,而当添加量达到8%时,交联淀粉纳米晶在聚乳酸基体中会出现明显的聚集；随着聚苯乙烯接枝淀粉纳米晶添加量的增加,其与聚乳酸基体会出现部分相分离,断面出现光滑空穴。透水蒸气性分析表明,功能化淀粉纳米晶能有效降低聚乳酸的水蒸气透过性,具有良好的气体阻隔性能。添加了3%的交联淀粉纳米晶的聚乳酸纳米复合材料的水蒸气透过率降低了21.17%。
[Abstract]:In this paper, functionalized starch nanocrystals were prepared by cross-linking reaction and graft polymerization. The structure and morphology of functional starch nanocrystals were characterized by FT-IR1HNMR-XRDX SEM, and their dispersity in polar and non-polar solvents was analyzed by soakage experiments. The results showed that the dispersion of functionalized starch nanoparticles was improved, and the particle size increased. FT-IR and 1H NMR showed that polystyrene was grafted onto the surface of starch nanocrystals. The cross-linking reaction between epichlorohydrin and hydroxyl groups on the surface of starch nanocrystals. XRD results show that the functionalized starch nanocrystals do not change the crystalline form of the original starch nanocrystals. At the same time, the soakage test showed that the functionalized starch nanocrystals showed good amphiphilic properties. Functional starch nanocrystalline / polylactic acid nanocomposites were prepared by adding functionalized starch nanocrystals to polylactic acid. The interfacial compatibility of functionalized starch nanocrystals / polylactic acid nanocomposites was observed by SEM. The molecular and crystalline structures were characterized by FT-IR XRD. Its thermal properties were analyzed by DSC, and its mechanical properties and water vapor permeability were tested. The results showed that the addition of 1-8% functionalized starch nanocrystalline did not change the structure of polylactic acid matrix. The results showed that the glass transition temperature of polylactic acid matrix was reduced by 10 鈩，

本文编号：2083402