纳米碳酸钙仿生复合材料的研究

发布时间：2018-07-10 19:44

本文选题：纳米碳酸钙 + 贝壳结构　；参考：《华北理工大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：对于仿生材料的研究,长久以来都是材料研究的热点。近年来,贝壳因为其特殊的结构和良好的性能受到人们越来越多的关注。组成贝壳的成分主要为碳酸钙和有机糖类。采用扫描电镜、红外光谱和X射线衍射分析了贝壳的微观结构和组成。不同种类的贝壳结构略有不同,但整体表现为三层,由外层到内层为角质层、棱柱层和珍珠层。试验研究的贝壳珍珠层成分为文石薄片,结构表现为文石片的堆砌。多个平行的文石片呈一组,组与组间呈平面和空间相互垂直关系。采用微乳液法和碳化法两种方法制备出了纳米碳酸钙。微乳液法中,微乳液的组成不同,得到的碳酸钙晶型也不同,且对所得的碳酸钙的颗粒尺寸有一定影响。水相含量高时,易得到文石型碳酸钙,水相含量低时,易得到方解石型碳酸钙。碳化法中,不加Mg Cl2时,得到的是方解石型碳酸钙,加入Mg Cl2的但应得到文石型碳酸钙。总体来说,微乳液法得到的碳酸钙的颗粒尺寸略小于碳化法得到的碳酸钙的颗粒尺寸。以制备的纳米碳酸钙为原料,用层层组装法和旋涂法制备碳酸钙和有机物的复合材料。两种方法均可得到纳米碳酸钙-有机物复合材料,其中,旋涂法操作更方便。以Ca(OH)2和糖类有机物为原料,通过碳化法制备了碳酸钙-糖类复合材料,并测定了其显微硬度。产物为方解石型碳酸钙-有机物复合材料,且糖的种类和含量对材料的显微硬度由一定影响。在试验条件下,当糖类为直链淀粉,含量为4%时,显微硬度最高。
[Abstract]:For a long time, the research of biomimetic materials has been a hot spot of material research. In recent years, shell has attracted more and more attention because of its special structure and good performance. The main components of the shell are calcium carbonate and organic sugar. The microstructure and composition of shell were analyzed by SEM, IR and X ray diffraction. The shell structure of different species is slightly different, but the whole shell consists of three layers, from outer layer to inner layer, cutin layer, prism layer and pearl layer. The structure of the shell pearl layer is composed of flake stone, and the structure of the shell is stacked. Several parallel pieces of stone are formed in a single group, with a plane and spatial perpendicular relationship between the groups. Nanometer calcium carbonate was prepared by microemulsion method and carbonation method. In the microemulsion method, the composition of the microemulsion is different, the crystal form of calcium carbonate is also different, and the particle size of the obtained calcium carbonate is affected to some extent. Calcite calcium carbonate is easy to be obtained when the content of water phase is high and calcite calcium carbonate is easy to be obtained when the content of water phase is low. The calcite type calcium carbonate is obtained without adding MgCl _ 2 in the carbonization process, but the aragonite type calcium carbonate should be obtained by adding MgCl _ 2. In general, the particle size of calcium carbonate obtained by microemulsion method is slightly smaller than that of calcium carbonate obtained by carbonation method. The composite materials of calcium carbonate and organic compounds were prepared by layer-by-layer assembly method and spin coating method. Nano-calcium carbonate-organic composites can be obtained by both methods, and spin coating is more convenient. Calcium carbonate and carbohydrate composites were prepared by carbonation from Ca (OH) 2 and carbohydrate organic materials and their microhardness was determined. The product is calcite type calcium carbonate-organic compound material, and the kind and content of sugar have certain influence on the microhardness of the material. Under the experimental conditions, the microhardness is the highest when the sugar is amylose and the content is 4.
【学位授予单位】：华北理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TB332

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