BF增强竹木复合材料一次成型工艺技术研究

发布时间：2018-08-13 15:42

【摘要】：玄武岩纤维增强竹木复合材料,既能保留木材和竹材的天然特性,又能增强其强度,进一步高效利用可再生竹材和木材资源。本文以不饱和聚酯树脂及异氰酸酯为胶黏剂采用正交试验对一次成型工艺进行了研究。玄武岩纤维与竹材、木材一次成型能够解决二次成型时纤维增强树脂(FRP)与树脂二次胶合困难的问题,同时也能够满足一些特殊形状材料(如复合材料杆件)的制备。此外,为了改善玄武岩纤维与树脂结合的界面,研究了马来酸酐二次接枝处理纤维的工艺,并将此工艺与其他处理方式进行了对比。研究表明：(1)研究时间、压力、处理方式三因素对不饱和聚酯树脂基的BF/竹/木复合材料胶合性能的影响。得出一次成型优化工艺：时间：90mmin,压力：1.6MPa,处理方式：竹黄及樟子松表面HMR处理,竹青表面KH550处理。(2)研究时间、压力、处理方式对异氰酸酯基的BF/竹/木复合材料胶合性能的影响,得出优化一次成型工艺：时间：120min,压力：1.6MPa,处理方式：竹黄及樟子松表面HMR处理,竹青表面KH550处理。(3)马来酸酐二次接枝处理BF表面微观检测,从SEM的结果可以明显看出,纤维表面在经过马来酸酐二次接枝处理后有新的物质形成。FTIR检测的结果显示,马来酸酐可能与KH550一端的-NH2发生反应形成了酰胺基。XPS的结果可以分析得出,马来酸酐较高的氧碳比使得KH550+马来酸酐处理后,0/C比含量上升。说明马来酸酐已经接枝到了纤维表面。(4)通过对UPR-BFRP的拉伸、弯曲及剪切性能进行检测,比较得出：KH550+马来酸酐处理纤维表面的优化工艺为：0.06mol/L,时间为2h。(5)研究不同处理方式对BF/竹/木复合材料胶合性能的影响,得出：以不饱和聚酯树脂为胶黏剂时,KH550+马来酸酐处理胶合效果最好。而以异氰酸酯为胶黏剂时,等离子+KH550处理胶合效果最好。
[Abstract]:Basalt fiber reinforced bamboo-wood composites can not only retain the natural properties of wood and bamboo, but also enhance its strength, and further utilize renewable bamboo and wood resources efficiently. In this paper, unsaturated polyester resin and isocyanate were used as adhesives and orthogonal test was used to study the process of one-step molding. Basalt fiber and bamboo wood can solve the problem of fiber reinforced resin (FRP) and resin secondary bonding during secondary molding, and it can also satisfy the preparation of some special shape materials (such as composite rod). In addition, in order to improve the interface between basalt fiber and resin, the process of secondary grafting of maleic anhydride fiber was studied and compared with other treatment methods. The results showed that: (1) the effects of time, pressure and treatment methods on the adhesive properties of BF/ bamboo / wood composites based on unsaturated polyester resin were investigated. The optimum processing conditions are as follows: time: 90 min, pressure: 1.6 MPA, treatment method: bamboo yellow and pine surface HMR treatment, bamboo green surface KH550 treatment. (2) Research time, pressure, The effect of treatment methods on the gluing properties of BF/ bamboo / wood composites based on isocyanate was studied. The results showed that the optimal molding process was as follows: time: 120 min, pressure: 1.6 MPA, treatment method: HMR treatment of bamboo yellow and Mongolian pine surface, KH550 treatment on bamboo green surface. (3) the microcosmic detection of maleic anhydride secondary grafting BF surface. From the results of SEM, it can be seen that the fiber surface after secondary grafting of maleic anhydride, there is a new material formation. FTIR results show that, It is possible that maleic anhydride reacts with -NH _ 2 at one end of KH550 to form amide.XPS results show that the higher oxygen / carbon ratio of maleic anhydride makes the content of 0 / C rise after KH550 maleic anhydride treatment. The results show that maleic anhydride has been grafted onto the fiber surface. (4) the tensile, bending and shear properties of UPR-BFRP were tested. The results showed that the optimum treatment process of w KH550 maleic anhydride was: 0.06 mol / L for 2 h. (5) the effects of different treatments on the adhesion properties of BF/ bamboo / wood composites were studied. When unsaturated polyester resin was used as adhesive, KH 550 maleic anhydride was the best adhesive. When isocyanate was used as adhesive, plasma KH550 treatment was the best.
【学位授予单位】：北京林业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TB332

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