高固含量发泡复合材料的性能研究

发布时间：2018-08-13 17:22

【摘要】：本文以高固含量发泡复合材料为研究对象,采用超临界CO_2分步升温的间歇法发泡工艺,以太根药和B胶为基体填充大量RDX并以PMMA为辅助发泡体,进行了微孔可燃器件成型及发泡工艺的探索,研究了发泡工艺条件对其溶解性能以及微孔结构的影响;并采用受限发泡模具对此材料进行受限发泡,制备了微孔复合材料的力学样条,研究了不同发泡条件对其力学性能的影响。结果表明,CO_2在高固含量复合材料中的溶解量随饱和时间的增加先快速增加然后趋于平衡;溶解量随着饱和温度的上升而降低却随着饱和压力的升高而升高;受限条件和样品厚度对溶解量没有明显的影响;增加溶解量可明显提高高固含量复合材料的解吸附系数。研究发现增加发泡温度与发泡时间可以增加泡孔直径降低泡孔密度;增加饱和压力以及受限条件可以减小泡孔直径并使泡孔更为致密;饱和时间在6-12小时之间进行发泡,泡孔会随着饱和时间增加而变大;饱和温度对泡孔参数的影响不明显且快速卸压法制备的高固含量微孔含能材料泡孔密度不如分步升温法高。超临界发泡处理会导致材料的拉伸强度降低以及断裂伸长率的提高;增加弹性体用量以及饱和压力可以提高材料的抗冲击强度;增加发泡温度、发泡时间以及平衡前增大饱和时间均会带来冲击强度的降低;饱和温度对材料冲击性能的影响不明显。最后,针对某口径火炮装药,本课题利用现有配方进行了可燃器件模压成型,解决了薄壁长筒状器件成型困难的问题;另外,采用超临界CO_2发泡技术对可燃器件进行燃速调节,为轻质高能弹药研究打下了实验基础。
[Abstract]:In this paper, high solid content foamed composites were studied. Supercritical CO_2 step heating batch foaming process was used to fill a large number of RDX and PMMA as assistant foaming materials. The molding and foaming technology of micro porous combustible devices were explored, the influence of foaming process conditions on its solubility and micropore structure was studied, and the limited foaming mould was used to foamed the material. The mechanical splines of microporous composites were prepared and the effects of different foaming conditions on their mechanical properties were studied. The results show that the dissolution of Caco _ 2 in high solid content composites increases rapidly with the increase of saturation time and then tends to equilibrium, while the solubility decreases with the increase of saturation temperature but increases with the increase of saturation pressure. The limited conditions and sample thickness have no obvious influence on the dissolution amount, and the desorption coefficient of high solid content composites can be improved obviously by increasing the dissolution amount. It is found that increasing foaming temperature and foaming time can increase the bubble diameter and decrease the bubble density, increase the saturation pressure and the limited conditions can reduce the bubble diameter and make the bubble denser, and the saturation time is 6-12 hours for foaming. The effect of saturation temperature on bubble parameters is not obvious and the bubble density of high solid content microporous energetic materials prepared by rapid decompression method is lower than that of step heating method. Supercritical foaming treatment leads to lower tensile strength and higher elongation at break; increasing the amount of elastomer and saturation pressure can increase the impact strength of the material; and increase the foaming temperature. Foaming time and increasing saturation time before equilibrium all bring about the decrease of impact strength, but the effect of saturation temperature on the impact property of the material is not obvious. Finally, aiming at a certain caliber gun charge, the paper uses the existing formula to mold the combustible device, solves the difficult problem of forming the thin-walled long cylinder device, and adjusts the burning rate of the combustible device by using supercritical CO_2 foaming technology. It lays the experimental foundation for the research of light weight and high energy ammunition.
【学位授予单位】：南京理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TB33

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