碳点和铜纳米簇的制备及应用
发布时间：2018-08-13 19:54
【摘要】：碳点作为纳米材料家族的一员近年来已经引起了极大的关注。相比于传统半导体量子点和染料小分子,碳点不仅具有的优良光学性能,而且具有低的细胞毒性、良好的生物相容性以及廉价易得等优点。这些优点使碳点在生物标记、生物传感、荧光探针生物检测和光催化等领域都得到了广泛的应用。除此之外,铜纳米簇作为金属纳米簇家族中的一员,不仅具有发射波长可调、量子产率较高等优点,而且价格低廉、制备方法简单、生物相容性良好,因而被认为是一种极具实际应用潜力的纳米材料。本论文以碳点和铜纳米簇为研究对象,对其制备及应用做了研究。具体内容包括以下三个方面:1.通过对石墨烯进行热回流得到了具有很强荧光性能的石墨烯量子点(GQDs),构建了一种基于Au(Ⅲ) S在GQDs表面的反应及对S2-检测的方法。GQDs具有很强的荧光,在微量的Au(Ⅲ)离子存在下,当往Au(Ⅲ)/GQDs体系中加入微量的S2-时,由于S2-与Au(Ⅲ)反应形成了金纳米粒子,且这种金纳米粒子与GQDs之间发生了荧光共振能量转移(FRET),从而导致Au(Ⅲ)/GQDs体系的荧光急剧下降。在最佳实验条件下,硫离子的检测限为0.2 nM,猝灭效率与S2-浓度(1.5~150 nM)呈良好的线性关系,据此建立了一种测定S2-的方法。2.以柠檬酸为碳源采用水热法制备具有很强荧光的碳点,利用碳点(CDs)的荧光“猝灭 回升”机理构建了一种快速检测Fe2+的方法。首先,采用水热法制备CDs,然后将二氧化锰(MnO2)纳米薄片加入到CDs中,猝灭CDs的荧光,通过内滤效应形成CDs MnO2探针。当向上述探针中加入Fe2+,由于Mn O2会与Fe2+发生氧化还原反应从而使CDs的荧光恢复。在最佳实验条件下,Fe2+的检测限为0.17μM,线性范围为0~2μM,据此,为Fe2+的快速高效检测提供了一种十分有效的方法。3.以聚乙烯亚胺(PEI)为模板,水合肼为还原剂制备具有荧光性质的铜纳米簇(Cu NCs),并利用透射电子显微镜(TEM)和紫外吸收光谱对该材料进行表征。实验发现,Au(Ⅲ)能够强烈地猝灭CuNCs的荧光。在最佳实验条件下,Au(Ⅲ)的检测限为0.06μM,线性范围为0.5~15μM。我们通过获取X射线探究其荧光猝灭机理,结果表明,CuNCs的荧光猝灭是由于CuNCs与Au(Ⅲ)发生光诱导电子转移。据此,建立了一种简单、快速的检测Au(Ⅲ)的方法。
[Abstract]:Carbon dots as a member of nanomaterials have attracted great attention in recent years. Compared with traditional semiconductor quantum dots and dye molecules, carbon dots not only have good optical properties, but also have the advantages of low cytotoxicity, good biocompatibility and low cost. These advantages make carbon spots widely used in biomarker, biosensor, fluorescence probe biological detection and photocatalysis. In addition, as a member of metal nanoclusters, copper nanoclusters not only have the advantages of adjustable emission wavelength and high quantum yield, but also have the advantages of low cost, simple preparation method and good biocompatibility. Therefore, it is considered to be a kind of nanomaterials with great potential for practical application. In this thesis, the preparation and application of carbon and copper nanoclusters were studied. Specific content includes the following three aspects: 1. A highly fluorescent graphene quantum dot (GQDs),) was prepared by refluxing graphene to graphene. Based on the reaction of au (鈪，
本文编号：2182013
[Abstract]:Carbon dots as a member of nanomaterials have attracted great attention in recent years. Compared with traditional semiconductor quantum dots and dye molecules, carbon dots not only have good optical properties, but also have the advantages of low cytotoxicity, good biocompatibility and low cost. These advantages make carbon spots widely used in biomarker, biosensor, fluorescence probe biological detection and photocatalysis. In addition, as a member of metal nanoclusters, copper nanoclusters not only have the advantages of adjustable emission wavelength and high quantum yield, but also have the advantages of low cost, simple preparation method and good biocompatibility. Therefore, it is considered to be a kind of nanomaterials with great potential for practical application. In this thesis, the preparation and application of carbon and copper nanoclusters were studied. Specific content includes the following three aspects: 1. A highly fluorescent graphene quantum dot (GQDs),) was prepared by refluxing graphene to graphene. Based on the reaction of au (鈪，
本文编号：2182013
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