造纸法玻纤基吸音阻燃薄页材料结构与性能研究

发布时间：2018-08-18 15:01

【摘要】：造纸法玻纤(玻璃纤维)基吸音阻燃薄页材料是一种兼具吸音和阻燃的复合型材料,与国外产品相比,国内产品品质较差,为了改善这一情况,本论文主要从以下几个方面就行研究,通过不同的增塑剂对玻纤基吸音阻燃薄页基材(只添加了粘结剂,未添加阻燃剂、色浆等一系列化学药品的产品)进行研究,得到较优的生产工艺条件,同时研究了阻燃剂、粘结剂对玻纤基吸音阻燃薄页材料物理性能以及力学性能的影响,并利用SEM、FT-IR、TG、EDS等分析仪器对相关机理进行了研究。利用AFG型增塑剂、Arosurf PA 777型增塑剂、Varisoft 3696型增塑剂等五种不同的增塑剂对玻纤基吸音阻燃薄页基材进行处理,探讨增塑剂对玻纤基吸音阻燃薄页基材定量、厚度、紧度、松厚度以及抗张强度的影响,确定最佳的增塑剂种类和用量。研究发现,AFG型增塑剂对玻纤基吸音阻燃薄页基材的影响效果最好。当AF G型增塑剂用量为0.75 wt%时,制备得到玻纤基吸音阻燃薄页基材紧度为0.225 g/cm3,松厚度为4.44 cm3/g,抗张强度为13.35 N/15mm,能够满足生产生活的要求。由于玻纤基吸音阻燃薄页基材不具有阻燃效果,因此需要采取浸渍阻燃剂的方法对其进行处理。通过FT-IR、SEM-EDS等分析仪器对阻燃剂进行分析,确定阻燃剂种类为三聚氰胺类阻燃剂。然后研究阻燃剂浸渍时间和阻燃剂用量对玻纤基吸音阻燃薄页基材的物理和力学性能、阻燃性能的影响,确定最佳的工艺条件。当阻燃剂浸渍时间为15s,阻燃剂用量为5%时,玻纤基吸音阻燃薄页材料的阻燃剂含量为16.00%,抗张强度为11.92N/15mm,平均氧指数为28.5%,一级阻燃等级。最后再利用SEM分析、燃烧后炭层分析、以及TG分析,对阻燃剂的作用方式和作用机理进行研究。SEM研究发现,玻璃纤维与植物纤维相互交错相连,形成网状结构。阻燃剂主要在植物纤维表面,玻璃纤维表面较少;燃烧后炭层分析以及TG分析可知,阻燃剂在遇热时,提前分解产生不可燃气体,稀释氧气,同时在植物纤维表面形成一层保护膜,阻碍植物纤维与空气的接触,从而达到阻燃的目的。一般来说,粘结剂用量越大,材料的强度也就越大,但对材料的其他指标都会有一定的负面影响,比如紧度、手感等。通过研究粘结剂对玻纤基吸音阻燃薄页材料性能的影响,发现随着粘结剂用量的增加,玻纤基吸音阻燃薄页材料的抗张强度在不断增加,紧度也在不断增大,但手感减弱,孔隙率减小。这是因为添加的粘结剂,填充了薄页基材的内部或者包覆在纤维表面,从而引起玻纤基吸音阻燃薄页薄页基材的手感减弱、孔隙率减小。因此选择合适的粘结剂用量是平衡材料各方面性能的重要因素之一。研究发现,当粘结剂用量为4%时,玻纤基吸音阻燃薄页薄页基材含胶量14.57%,抗张强度15.21 N/15mm,孔隙率为85.21%,可以满足产品指标的要求。通过研究粘结剂以及阻燃剂用量对玻纤基吸音阻燃薄页材料吸音性能的影响,得到玻纤基吸音阻燃薄页材料的吸音系数可以达到0.5以上,具有较好的吸音效果。
[Abstract]:Papermaking glass fiber (glass fiber) based sound-absorbing and flame-retardant sheet material is a kind of composite material which has both sound-absorbing and flame-retardant properties. Compared with foreign products, the quality of domestic products is poor. In order to improve this situation, this paper mainly from the following aspects, through different plasticizers on glass fiber-based sound-absorbing and flame-retardant sheet substrate (only added) The effects of binder, flame retardant, color paste and other chemicals on the physical properties and mechanical properties of glass fiber-based sound-absorbing and flame-retardant sheet materials were studied. The mechanism was studied by SEM, FT-IR, TG, EDS and other analytical instruments. Five different plasticizers, such as AFG plasticizer, Arosurf PA 777 plasticizer and Varisoft 3696 plasticizer, were used to treat glass fiber-based sound-absorbing and flame-retardant thin-sheet substrate. The effects of plasticizers on the quantity, thickness, tightness, loose thickness and tensile strength of glass fiber-based sound-absorbing and flame-retardant thin-sheet substrate were discussed, and the optimum type and dosage of plasticizers were determined. When the dosage of AFG plasticizer is 0.75 wt%, the glass fiber-based sound-absorbing and flame-retardant thin-sheet substrate has a compactness of 0.225 g/cm 3, a loose thickness of 4.44 cm 3/g and a tensile strength of 13.35 N/15 mm, which can meet the requirements of production and life. Flame retardant thin-sheet substrate has no flame retardant effect, so it needs to be treated by impregnating flame retardant. The flame retardant was analyzed by FT-IR, SEM-EDS and other analytical instruments, and the type of flame retardant was determined to be melamine flame retardant. When the impregnation time of flame retardant is 15s and the dosage of flame retardant is 5%, the content of flame retardant is 16.00%, the tensile strength is 11.92N/15mm, the average oxygen index is 28.5%, and the first grade of flame retardant is determined. SEM study showed that the glass fibers and plant fibers were interlinked to form a network structure. The flame retardants were mainly on the surface of plant fibers, but few on the surface of glass fibers. Generally speaking, the greater the amount of binder, the greater the strength of the material, but it will have a certain negative impact on other indicators of the material, such as tightness, feel and so on. The influence of binder on the properties of glass fiber-based sound-absorbing and flame-retardant sheet materials was studied. It was found that the tensile strength and tightness of glass fiber-based sound-absorbing and flame-retardant sheet materials increased with the increase of binder content, but the handle decreased and the porosity decreased. This is because the binder added filled the inside of the sheet materials or coated in the thin sheet materials. It is found that when the amount of binder is 4%, the adhesive content is 14.57%, and the tensile strength is 15.21 N/N. 15 mm, porosity 85.21%, can meet the requirements of product indicators. By studying the influence of the amount of binder and flame retardant on the sound absorption properties of glass fiber-based sound-absorbing and flame-retardant sheet materials, the sound absorption coefficient of glass fiber-based sound-absorbing and flame-retardant sheet materials can reach more than 0.5, with better sound absorption effect.
【学位授予单位】：陕西科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TB33

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