基于水性聚氨酯复合材料的制备及性能研究
发布时间：2018-08-26 19:24
【摘要】：水性聚氨酯是一种以水为分散介质的二元胺态聚氨酯,它不仅具有无毒、不易燃烧、无污染、节能、易改性等优点,同时还有溶剂型聚氨酯耐低温、粘结强度大等性能,但是水性聚氨酯的耐水性、耐溶剂性、耐化学性等性能不如溶剂型。随着国家环保政策的发展,人们开始对环保的意识越来越强。由于水性聚氨酯在力学性能、吸水率等方面尚有欠缺,所以研究人员在改性水性聚氨酯时,加入纳米材料,使得水性聚氨酯在力学性能、吸水率等方面得到提高。本文主要是研究纳米材料(纳米SiC、纳米TiO_2)的表面处理以及表面处理纳米材料(纳米SiC、纳米TiO_2)与水性聚氨酯复合的性能,并对复合材料进行元素分析、形貌、结构、耐热、力学等方面表征。本文的研究内容如下:(1)以甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)和聚丙二醇2000(PPG2000)为原料制备水性聚氨酯乳液,利用FT-IR进行表征,检测异氰酸酯基是否反应完全,通过选取不同DMPA含量、R值来制备水性聚氨酯乳液,得到最佳DMPA含量为4%和R值为4,同时检测乳液的稳定性和吸水率。(2)利用硅烷偶联剂(KH-550)对纳米SiC表面进行改性处理,使得KH-550嫁接到纳米SiC上。通过物理混合法制备表面处理纳米SiC/水性聚氨酯复合材料。通过FT-IR、XRD、SEM进行表征。采用TG对复合材料的耐热性能进行测试,对复合材料的断裂伸长率和拉伸强度进行了力学测试。实验表明,复合材料的耐热温度达到590℃,复合材料的力学性能要优于未表面处理纳米SiC与水性聚氨酯的复合材料和水性聚氨酯。(3)利用KH-550对纳米TiO_2表面进行改性处理,使得KH-550嫁接到纳米TiO_2上,再采用水热法使上述纳米TiO_2与石墨烯(RGO)进行复合,得到表面处理纳米TiO_2/RGO复合材料。通过物理混合法制备表面处理纳米TiO_2/RGO/WPU复合材料。通过FT-IR、XRD、SEM、TEM、Raman、XPS、EDS、BET、UV-vis、紫外可见光分析对复合材料进行表征。实验表明,当W表面处理纳米TiO_2/RGO=8%,光照90min,甲基橙溶液的光降解率达到91.01%。采用TG对复合材料的耐热性能进行测试,耐水测试对复合材料的耐水率进行测试。当W表面处理纳米TiO_2/RGO/WPU=8%时,吸水率达到最低。
[Abstract]:Waterborne polyurethane is a kind of binary amine polyurethane with water as dispersing medium. It not only has the advantages of non-toxic, non-combustible, pollution-free, energy-saving, easy to modify, but also has the properties of solvent polyurethane, such as low temperature resistance, high bond strength, etc. But the water-resistant, solvent-resistant and chemical-resistant properties of waterborne polyurethane are inferior to those of solvent-based polyurethane. With the development of national environmental protection policy, people begin to be more and more aware of environmental protection. Due to the lack of mechanical properties and water absorption of waterborne polyurethane, the addition of nano-materials in the modification of waterborne polyurethane can improve the mechanical properties and water absorption of waterborne polyurethane. In this paper, the surface treatment of nanomaterials (nano SiC, nano TiO_2) and the properties of surface treated nano materials (nano SiC, nano TiO_2) and waterborne polyurethane were studied, and the elemental analysis, morphology, structure, heat resistance of the composites were carried out. Mechanical characterization. The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) Waterborne polyurethane emulsion was prepared from toluene diisocyanate (TDI) and poly (propylene glycol 2000) (PPG2000) and characterized by FT-IR. By selecting different DMPA content and R value to prepare waterborne polyurethane emulsion, the optimum DMPA content is 4% and R value is 4. Meanwhile, the stability and water absorption of the emulsion are determined. (2) the surface of nano-scale SiC is modified by silane coupling agent (KH-550). KH-550 was grafted onto nanometer SiC. The surface treated SiC/ waterborne polyurethane composites were prepared by physical mixing method. It was characterized by FT-IR,XRD,SEM. The heat resistance of the composites was measured by TG, and the elongation at break and tensile strength of the composites were tested. The experimental results show that the thermal resistance of the composites reaches 590 鈩，
本文编号：2205919
[Abstract]:Waterborne polyurethane is a kind of binary amine polyurethane with water as dispersing medium. It not only has the advantages of non-toxic, non-combustible, pollution-free, energy-saving, easy to modify, but also has the properties of solvent polyurethane, such as low temperature resistance, high bond strength, etc. But the water-resistant, solvent-resistant and chemical-resistant properties of waterborne polyurethane are inferior to those of solvent-based polyurethane. With the development of national environmental protection policy, people begin to be more and more aware of environmental protection. Due to the lack of mechanical properties and water absorption of waterborne polyurethane, the addition of nano-materials in the modification of waterborne polyurethane can improve the mechanical properties and water absorption of waterborne polyurethane. In this paper, the surface treatment of nanomaterials (nano SiC, nano TiO_2) and the properties of surface treated nano materials (nano SiC, nano TiO_2) and waterborne polyurethane were studied, and the elemental analysis, morphology, structure, heat resistance of the composites were carried out. Mechanical characterization. The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) Waterborne polyurethane emulsion was prepared from toluene diisocyanate (TDI) and poly (propylene glycol 2000) (PPG2000) and characterized by FT-IR. By selecting different DMPA content and R value to prepare waterborne polyurethane emulsion, the optimum DMPA content is 4% and R value is 4. Meanwhile, the stability and water absorption of the emulsion are determined. (2) the surface of nano-scale SiC is modified by silane coupling agent (KH-550). KH-550 was grafted onto nanometer SiC. The surface treated SiC/ waterborne polyurethane composites were prepared by physical mixing method. It was characterized by FT-IR,XRD,SEM. The heat resistance of the composites was measured by TG, and the elongation at break and tensile strength of the composites were tested. The experimental results show that the thermal resistance of the composites reaches 590 鈩，
本文编号：2205919
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