微波辅助合成铜锌锡硫系纳米材料及其性能研究
发布时间:2018-08-30 12:58
【摘要】:铜锌锡硫系化合物纳米材料与传统光吸收层材料铜铟硒(CIS)、碲化镉(CdTe)和铜铟镓硒(CIGS)相比,其组成元素自然界储量丰富,不含有毒元素In、Ga、Cd等,拥有和CIGS相类似的光电性能,带隙值可在1.0eV-1.6eV之间调节,并具有高吸收系数(可见光波段吸收系数104-105cm-1),是一种理想的薄膜太阳能电池光吸收层材料。本论文主要研究了一种快速的合成技术—微波合成技术,来合成Cu2ZnSnS4(CZTS)纳米晶,并利用室温离子液体的独特优势与微波合成技术相结合制备Cu2ZnSn(SxSe1-x)4(0≤x≤1)纳米晶。对制得的铜锌锡硫系纳米晶进行了物相、结构和性能分析,论文主要得到了以下结果: 1.油胺作溶剂,研究低、中、高三个功率下微波加热制备出的CZTS纳米晶的特征和性能,发现中火加热7min时CZTS相开始形成,随着反应时间延长,不同条件下得到的样品中杂质逐渐减少,CZTS相的纯度越来越高,样品的晶粒尺寸较小。产物颗粒的形貌受微波功率的影响:中火功率反应13min得到了大小均匀的球状CZTS颗粒,平均粒径约23.68nm;高火功率加热13min所得样品为均匀的板条状结构,条状结构长约400nm,条状结构由晶粒尺寸为10nm左右的小纳米晶组。这两种纳米晶的光学禁带宽度约为1.51eV和1.5eV,达到最优。并推测了CZTS晶体的形成机理。本实验过程简单易操作,对设备要求低。 2.采用微波辅助离子液体法合成CZTS纳米晶,溶剂选用1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑四氟硼酸盐(BmimBF4)。此条件下的CZTS纳米晶较油胺作溶剂制得的样品结晶度更高,,纯度更好,粒径更大。不同条件下得到的纳米晶的晶粒尺寸和光学禁带宽度值随着反应时间的延长逐渐变大。并且观察到中火功率下加热2min得到的纳米晶是一种碳包覆结构的CZTS纳米晶,晶粒尺寸为32.86nm,样品的光学禁带宽度计算值为1.5eV。本实验在合成时间上取得了很大的进步,最佳加热时间缩短到2min。 3.离子液体BmimBF4作溶剂时可以合成高结晶性的Cu2ZnSnSe4纳米晶。中火功率下加热2min制备出的Cu2ZnSnSe4纳米晶的晶粒尺寸为27.1nm,光学带隙值为1.2eV。在此实验基础上,引入不同含量的S和Se元素,通过微波辅助离子液体法成功制备出CZTSSe纳米晶体,并对其进行了Raman、HRTEM、紫外可见光吸收测试,发现随着S含量的增加,Raman图谱上在拉曼频移334cm-1处的峰强逐渐增高,(112)晶面对应的晶面间距逐渐减小,晶体的光学禁带宽度值从1.2eV增大到1.5eV。因此,我们制备出了组分可变、带隙可调的CZTSSe纳米晶体,为制备高效率的CZTSSe太阳能电池提供了理论依据。
[Abstract]:Compared with copper indium selenite (CIS), telluride (CdTe) and copper indium gallium selenium cadmium telluride (CdTe) and copper indium gallium selenium (CIGS), the nanomaterials of copper, zinc, tin and sulfur compounds have abundant natural reserves and do not contain toxic elements, such as In,Ga,Cd, etc., and have similar optoelectronic properties as CIGS. The band gap value can be adjusted between 1.0eV-1.6eV and has a high absorption coefficient (104-105cm-1). It is an ideal thin film solar cell photoabsorption layer material. In this paper, a rapid synthesis technique, microwave synthesis, was studied to synthesize Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) nanocrystals. Cu2ZnSn (SxSe1-x) 4 (0 鈮
本文编号:2213141
[Abstract]:Compared with copper indium selenite (CIS), telluride (CdTe) and copper indium gallium selenium cadmium telluride (CdTe) and copper indium gallium selenium (CIGS), the nanomaterials of copper, zinc, tin and sulfur compounds have abundant natural reserves and do not contain toxic elements, such as In,Ga,Cd, etc., and have similar optoelectronic properties as CIGS. The band gap value can be adjusted between 1.0eV-1.6eV and has a high absorption coefficient (104-105cm-1). It is an ideal thin film solar cell photoabsorption layer material. In this paper, a rapid synthesis technique, microwave synthesis, was studied to synthesize Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) nanocrystals. Cu2ZnSn (SxSe1-x) 4 (0 鈮
本文编号:2213141
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