有机长链离子修饰无机纳米粒子及填充复合材料的结构与性能研究

发布时间：2018-09-07 14:44

【摘要】：本文以零维、一维、零维/二维杂化粒子为研究对象,通过其表面长链离子化修饰,制备出流变行为和结构可单一调控的单分散核壳类流体。考察具有不同接枝状态的纳米类流体的形态结构与流变行为,研究粒子表面长链有机物种类、分子量等因素对类流体流变行为和对聚合物基体的性能影响。采用离子交换法成功制备埃洛石类流体和氢氧化镁类流体,对其进行结构表征,测试结果表明离子交换法能成功制备流变行为可控的类流体。而且所需反应条件温和,合成过程绿色环保,但是反应耗时长,产率不高。另外通过粒子表面的羟基与两端带有羟基的嵌段共聚物进行氢键相互作用的方法成功制备了炭黑类流体和graphene@SiO_2杂化类流体,测试结果表明通过该方法能成功制备具有类液行为的零维类流体和杂化类流体体系。氢键自组装法处理过程简单,耗时短,反应条件温和,有助于大规模生产。对比两种不同方法制备的类流体的流变行为,发现改变核的种类并不影响类流体体系的流变行为,说明类流体的流动主要是表面有机长链的影响,而表面有机长链的不同对类流体的流动性能有一定影响。通过对炭黑类流体和氧化石墨烯类流体的流变行为进行分析可知,通过控制表面三嵌段共聚物的含量能有效地调控类流体的流变行为。最后,采用共混法制备了埃洛石类流体/聚苯乙烯复合材料、将氢氧化镁类流体/三羟甲基丙烷三丙烯酸酯复合材料和炭黑类流体/聚乙烯醇复合材料,研究发现类流体填充聚合物能提高复合材料的机械性能和热稳定性,这是由于类流体不仅能提高填料与聚合物之间的界面相容性,均匀分散再聚合物中,并能保持类流体体系中粒子的固有特性,使得复合材料的性能得到较大改善。
[Abstract]:In this paper, zero dimensional, one dimensional, zero dimensional / two dimensional hybrid particles are studied. Mono-dispersed core-shell fluids with single rheological behavior and structure can be prepared by long chain ionization modification on their surface. The morphology and rheological behavior of nano-fluids with different grafted states were investigated. The effects of the types of long-chain organic compounds on the surface of particles and molecular weight on the rheological behavior and properties of polymer matrix were studied. Ellostone and magnesium hydroxide fluids were successfully prepared by ion exchange method, and their structures were characterized. The results showed that ion-exchange method could successfully prepare rheological fluid-like fluids with controllable rheological behavior. The reaction conditions are mild and the synthesis process is green and environmentally friendly, but the reaction time is long and the yield is not high. In addition, carbon black and graphene@SiO_2 hybrid fluids were successfully prepared by hydrogen bond interaction between hydroxyl groups on the surface of particles and block copolymers with hydroxyl groups at both ends. The results show that the zero-dimensional fluid and hybrid fluid-like system with liquid-like behavior can be successfully prepared by this method. The hydrogen bond self-assembly process is simple, short time consuming and mild reaction conditions, which is helpful for mass production. By comparing the rheological behavior of fluid-like fluid prepared by two different methods, it is found that the rheological behavior of fluid-like system is not affected by changing the type of nucleus, which indicates that the flow of fluid-like fluid is mainly affected by the long chain of surface organic. However, the fluidity of fluid-like fluid is influenced by the difference of organic long chain on the surface. By analyzing the rheological behavior of carbon black and graphene oxide fluids, the rheological behavior of fluid-like fluids can be effectively controlled by controlling the content of surface triblock copolymers. In the end, the aloxite / polystyrene composites were prepared by blending method. Magnesium hydroxide fluids / trimethylolpropane triacrylate composites and carbon black fluids / polyvinyl alcohol composites were prepared. It is found that fluid-like polymer filling can improve the mechanical properties and thermal stability of composites, which is due to the fact that fluid-like fluids can not only improve the interfacial compatibility between fillers and polymers, but also disperse uniformly in the polymer. The properties of the composites can be improved greatly by keeping the inherent properties of the particles in the fluid-like system.
【学位授予单位】：武汉纺织大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TB383.1;TB33

【参考文献】