铋基化合物微纳米材料的合成、表征及催化性能
发布时间：2018-09-10 10:10
【摘要】：作为一种重要的半导体材料,铋基微纳米材料因在光学、电学、力学、信息系统等方面展现出卓越的性能和广泛的应用前景而吸引了人们浓厚的兴趣。到目前为止,已设计了各种各样的方法成功制备了一些铋基微纳米材料,并探索了其在光催化、锂电、电化学储氢、光敏反应等新领域的应用。但上述合成方法通常涉及高温、高压,或过程复杂、时间长、成本较高等问题。为此,寻找简单、温和、低成本的实验路线来合成有特定形貌的铋基微纳米材料,并探索新的性能或应用仍然是目前科学研究的热点之一。本论文旨在设计简单、温和、节能的溶液路线来合成各种铋基微纳米材料,并探索其在芳香族硝基化合物的催化还原中的应用。主要内容如下：1.设计了一种快速、温和的湿化学路线,以摩尔比1：2的五水硝酸铋和硫脲为反应物,含聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)的乙二醇为反应介质,110℃下反应10 min成功获得了均一的花状Bi2S3微球。研究显示,PVP在花状Bi2S3微球的形成过程中扮演了重要的角色。实验发现,在过量还原剂NaBH4存在的水溶液里,所得花状Bi2S3微球对于一些芳香族硝基化合物比如对硝基苯胺、对硝基苯酚、邻硝基苯酚等具有很好的催化还原活性。从而为工业上芳香族硝基化合物的催化还原提供了一个新的催化剂选择。2.以五水硝酸铋和硒代硫酸钠分别作为Bi和Se源,有机胺和水组成的混合溶剂为介质,180℃下反应18 h,成功制备了花状Bi2Se3微纳米结构。实验表明,有机胺的种类不同能明显地影响所得产物的形貌。同时,有机胺和水的体积比也对终产物的形貌起着非常关键的作用。催化实验显示,在过量还原剂NaBH4存在的水溶液里,所得花状的Bi2Se3表现出良好的催化对硝基苯酚还原的能力。3.在p-环糊精的存在下,通过一种温和、简单的常温搅拌途径成功制备了不同形貌的BiPO4纳米晶。研究表明,在不同的pH环境中得到的产物结构是完全不同的。此外,p-环糊精在这些形貌的形成过程中也起了重要的作用。实验表明,所得不同形貌的BiPO4纳米晶在过量NaBH4的溶液中同样能用作对硝基苯酚、对硝基苯胺和邻硝基苯胺的芳香族硝基化合物氢化还原的催化剂。
[Abstract]:As an important semiconductor material, bismuth based micronanomaterials have attracted great interest due to their excellent properties in optics, electricity, mechanics, information systems and so on. Up to now, various methods have been designed to successfully prepare some bismuth based materials, and their applications in photocatalysis, lithium electrochemistry, electrochemical hydrogen storage, Guang Min reaction and so on have been explored. However, these synthesis methods usually involve high temperature, high pressure, or complex process, long time, high cost and so on. Therefore, to find a simple, mild and low-cost experimental route to synthesize bismuth based micro-nanomaterials with specific morphology and to explore new properties or applications is still one of the hot spots in scientific research. In this paper, a simple, mild and energy efficient solution route was designed to synthesize various bismuth based micro and nano materials and to explore their applications in catalytic reduction of aromatic nitro compounds. The main content is as follows: 1. A rapid and mild wet chemical route was designed. Using bismuth nitrate pentahydrate and thiourea at 1:2 molar ratio as reactants and ethylene glycol containing polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as reaction medium for 10 min, homogeneous flower-like Bi2S3 microspheres were successfully obtained. It has been shown that PVP plays an important role in the formation of floral Bi2S3 microspheres. It was found that in the presence of excessive reductant NaBH4, the obtained Bi2S3 microspheres had good catalytic reduction activity for some aromatic nitro compounds such as p-nitroaniline, p-nitrophenol, o-nitrophenol and so on. Therefore, it provides a new catalyst choice for the catalytic reduction of aromatic nitro compounds in industry. Using bismuth nitrate pentahydrate and sodium selenosulfate as the source of Bi and Se, the flower-like Bi2Se3 microstructures were successfully prepared at 180 鈩，
本文编号：2234147
[Abstract]:As an important semiconductor material, bismuth based micronanomaterials have attracted great interest due to their excellent properties in optics, electricity, mechanics, information systems and so on. Up to now, various methods have been designed to successfully prepare some bismuth based materials, and their applications in photocatalysis, lithium electrochemistry, electrochemical hydrogen storage, Guang Min reaction and so on have been explored. However, these synthesis methods usually involve high temperature, high pressure, or complex process, long time, high cost and so on. Therefore, to find a simple, mild and low-cost experimental route to synthesize bismuth based micro-nanomaterials with specific morphology and to explore new properties or applications is still one of the hot spots in scientific research. In this paper, a simple, mild and energy efficient solution route was designed to synthesize various bismuth based micro and nano materials and to explore their applications in catalytic reduction of aromatic nitro compounds. The main content is as follows: 1. A rapid and mild wet chemical route was designed. Using bismuth nitrate pentahydrate and thiourea at 1:2 molar ratio as reactants and ethylene glycol containing polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as reaction medium for 10 min, homogeneous flower-like Bi2S3 microspheres were successfully obtained. It has been shown that PVP plays an important role in the formation of floral Bi2S3 microspheres. It was found that in the presence of excessive reductant NaBH4, the obtained Bi2S3 microspheres had good catalytic reduction activity for some aromatic nitro compounds such as p-nitroaniline, p-nitrophenol, o-nitrophenol and so on. Therefore, it provides a new catalyst choice for the catalytic reduction of aromatic nitro compounds in industry. Using bismuth nitrate pentahydrate and sodium selenosulfate as the source of Bi and Se, the flower-like Bi2Se3 microstructures were successfully prepared at 180 鈩，
本文编号：2234147
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