碳基复合纳米材料在生物传感中的应用

发布时间：2018-09-12 13:50

【摘要】：纳米材料科学是现代科学中尤为重要的一个领域,自诞生以来就受到各界的广泛关注和研究,目前已经成为一个比较成熟的技术领域。纳米材料的种类繁多,并且有其各自的优势和劣势,根据不同的材料种类有不同的合成制备方法以及对应的表征手段。在诸多纳米材料中,碳基材料由于其优良的电学、光学、力学等物理性能和良好的生物相容性,在生物传感领域发挥着重要作用。在各类生物传感器中,电化学生物传感器得益于纳米材料科学与技术的高度发展并与其有机融合结合,因此,拥有其他传感手段无法比拟的快速、精确、灵敏、便携等优势,在生物医学和环境检测等领域展现出越来越重要的作用。本论文将纳米材料与电化学生物传感相结合,开展了以下主要工作。1、使用水热法以PMAA(聚甲基丙烯酸钠)为原料合成了荧光碳点,并对其进行了表征。利用碳点对对苯二酚和邻苯二酚优良的催化氧化特性,制备了碳点/碳纳米管复合修饰电极,并研究了其电化学性能。结果证实该电化学传感器对对苯二酚、邻苯二酚具有良好的催化活性,能够用于同时检测两种物质。2、使用等离子溅射法辅助制备了壳-核结构的碳纤维/氧化锌复合材料,并表征了其微观结构。利用其优良的电化学性能,制备了电化学传感器用于AA(抗坏血酸)和UA(尿酸)的检测。实验结果表明,该电极拥有优异的性能和稳定性,具有一定的临床诊断应用前景。
[Abstract]:Nanomaterials science is a particularly important field in modern science. It has been widely concerned and studied since its birth and has become a relatively mature field of technology. There are many kinds of nanomaterials, and they have their own advantages and disadvantages. According to different kinds of materials, there are different synthetic methods and corresponding characterization methods. Carbon-based materials play an important role in the field of biosensor because of their excellent physical properties such as electricity, optics, mechanics and good biocompatibility. Among all kinds of biosensors, electrochemical biosensors benefit from the high development of nanomaterials science and technology and their organic fusion. Therefore, electrochemical biosensors have the advantages of rapidity, accuracy, sensitivity, portability and so on, which can not be compared with other sensing methods. It plays an increasingly important role in biomedicine and environmental detection. In this paper, the nano-materials were combined with electrochemical biosensors, and the following main work was carried out. The fluorescent carbon points were synthesized and characterized by hydrothermal method using PMAA (polymethacrylate) as raw material. Carbon point / carbon nanotube composite modified electrode was prepared by using the excellent catalytic oxidation characteristics of carbon point p-hydroquinone and catechol, and its electrochemical properties were studied. The results show that the electrochemical sensor has good catalytic activity for hydroquinone and catechol, and can be used for simultaneous detection of two kinds of substances. Carbon fiber / zinc oxide composite with shell core structure was prepared by plasma sputtering. Its microstructure was characterized. Based on its excellent electrochemical properties, electrochemical sensors were prepared for the detection of AA (ascorbic acid) and UA (uric acid). The experimental results show that the electrode has excellent performance and stability, and has a certain prospect of clinical diagnosis.
【学位授予单位】：杭州电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TB33;TP212

【相似文献】