二维材料外延生长的原子尺度机理:特性与共性

发布时间：2018-09-19 09:37

【摘要】：自首次从石墨中剥离出石墨烯以来,只有原子级厚度的层状(或二维)材料因其丰富奇特的物性占据着当今凝聚态物理和材料科学的中心舞台。不断扩大的二维材料家族,包括石墨烯、硅烯、磷烯、硼烯、六方氮化硼、过渡金属二硫族化合物、甚至强拓扑绝缘体等,不仅每个成员有其鲜明的个性,如独特的物性与制备方法,而且整个大家族又有其共性,如单层材料与衬底之间、层与层之间几乎都是依赖弱的范德瓦尔斯力耦合在一起。对任一个二维家族成员的深层理解,都可能对真正走进这一大家族有普适性价值。文章首先介绍范德瓦尔斯层状材料非平衡外延生长中常常遇到的主要原子过程和相应的形貌演化;进一步讨论范德瓦尔斯相互作用在二维材料横向或垂直堆叠的异质结中的重要性。在原子尺度的生长机理之外,也围绕二维材料的物性优化与功能化简要介绍一些最新进展,具体例子覆盖光学、电学、自旋电子学、催化等领域。
[Abstract]:Since the first exfoliation of graphene from graphite, only layered (or two-dimensional) materials with atomic thickness have occupied the central stage of condensed matter physics and material science due to their rich and peculiar physical properties. The ever-expanding family of two-dimensional materials, including graphene, silicene, phosphorene, boron, hexagonal boron nitride, transition metal disulfide compounds, and even strong topological insulators, not only each member has a distinct personality, For example, the unique physical properties and preparation methods, and the whole family has its common, for example, between monolayer materials and substrates, between layers are almost dependent on the weak van der Waals force coupling. A deep understanding of any two-dimensional family member may be of universal value for entering the family. In this paper, we first introduce the main atomic processes and the corresponding morphologies of Van der Waals layered materials in the process of non-equilibrium epitaxial growth. The importance of van der Waals interaction in the transverse or vertical stacking heterostructures of two-dimensional materials is further discussed. In addition to the growth mechanism at atomic scale, some recent advances in the optimization and functionalization of physical properties of two-dimensional materials are briefly introduced. Examples cover the fields of optics, electricity, spin electronics, catalysis and so on.
【作者单位】：中国科学技术大学合肥微尺度物质科学国家实验室国际功能材料量子设计中心量子信息与量子科技前沿协同创新中心;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(批准号:61434002,11634011,11374273) 国家重点基础研究发展计划(批准号:2014CB921103)资助项目
【分类号】：TB30

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