Conclad连续挤压法制备侧向复合型铜铝复合材料及其组织性能研究
发布时间：2018-09-19 11:05
【摘要】：铜铝复合材料具有铜和铝的优良性能,是一种比较先进的复合材料,在许多实际应用领域中广泛代替了单一的铜金属和铝金属的使用。如今,关于铜铝复合材料的制备技术也在不断的研究开发,根据不同的产品规格和性能要求,实现不同的制备方法。现今轧制复合,浸入复合法,铸造复合法是铜铝复合材料的首选方法。铜铝复合材料在实际加工应用中通常出现最大的问题就是界面结合的强度问题。由于制备工艺的落后,制备出的铜铝复合材料品质差,其界面处可能夹杂着裂纹和裂缝,界面结合处产生错边、未融合、夹杂等缺陷,降低了材料强度,在实际应用过程中,会受到诸如环境、材料服役状态、安装过程等因素的影响,从而导致出现产品断裂的情况。目前市场上的铜铝复合材料大致分为两种类型:界面开放和界面封闭的铜铝复合材料。界面封闭的铜铝复合材料主要是铜铝包覆类产品,界面开放的铜铝复合材料有上下层状复合材料、侧向复合型复合材料等,层状复合材料的制备又多以冷轧复合为主,通过后续的热处理使两种金属发生作用,产生冶金结合,优化其复合强度。而侧向复合型复合材料由于其不同于层状复合的机理,目前关于此类的相关研究也较少。固-液复合法很容易在界面处产生脆性金属中间化合物,影响界面的结合强度,而固-固复合法像爆炸复合工生产过程具有危险性,冷轧复合则适合上下层状复合材料的复合。采用Conclad连续挤压法,挤压温度在500℃时挤出成型的侧向复合型铜铝复合材料界面强度高、平直度好,扩散界面厚93 μm。进而分析铜铝复合材料显微组织和性能,发现硬度更高的区域在界面层附近,其抗拉强度是48 Mpa,结合界面含有铜基体、铝基体以及铜铝中间化合物,Cu9Al4、CuAl和CuAl2等金属中间化合物分布在结合处由铜向铝横向分布。对Conclad连续挤压法制备的侧向复合型铜铝复合材料样品进行不同温度和保温时间状态下的退火处理,拉伸剪切法测其界面结合强度,利用金相显微镜和能谱仪观察其在不同退火处理条件下铜铝复合界面,并分析其不同轧制状态下铜铝界面的结合强度。结果表明界面结合层的宽度与热处理的温度和保温时间成正相关,随着复合界面的宽度的增加界面的结合强度先增后减,在400℃保温1 h下铜铝复合材料结合强度最高,冷变形能力强,能进行后续的塑形加工。
[Abstract]:Copper-aluminum composite is a relatively advanced composite with excellent properties of copper and aluminum. It has been widely used in many practical applications instead of single copper and aluminum metals. Nowadays, the preparation technology of copper-aluminum composites is also being researched and developed, according to different product specifications and performance requirements, different preparation methods are realized. Nowadays, rolling, immersion and casting are the preferred methods for copper-aluminum composites. The most important problem of copper-aluminum composites in practical processing is the strength of interfacial bonding. Due to the backward preparation process, the quality of the prepared copper-aluminum composite is poor, the interface may be mixed with cracks and cracks, and the interfacial joint may produce defects such as misalignment, unfusion, inclusion, etc., which reduces the strength of the material and is used in the practical application. Will be affected by such factors as the environment, material service status, installation process and other factors, resulting in product fracture. At present, there are two types of copper and aluminum composites in the market: open interface and closed interface. Copper and aluminum composites with closed interface are mainly copper and aluminum coated products. The composite materials with open interface include upper and lower laminated composites, lateral composite materials and so on. The preparation of laminated composites is mainly composed of cold-rolled composites. The metallurgical bonding of the two metals is produced by the subsequent heat treatment, and the composite strength is optimized. However, due to the different mechanism of laminated composites, there are few researches on this kind of composite materials. It is easy to produce brittle metal intermediate compounds at the interface by solid-liquid compounding method, which affects the bonding strength of interface. The solid-solid composite method is dangerous in the production process of explosive composite, and cold-rolled composite is suitable for the composite of upper and lower layers. The lateral composite copper-aluminum composite prepared by Conclad continuous extrusion at 500 鈩，
本文编号：2249946
[Abstract]:Copper-aluminum composite is a relatively advanced composite with excellent properties of copper and aluminum. It has been widely used in many practical applications instead of single copper and aluminum metals. Nowadays, the preparation technology of copper-aluminum composites is also being researched and developed, according to different product specifications and performance requirements, different preparation methods are realized. Nowadays, rolling, immersion and casting are the preferred methods for copper-aluminum composites. The most important problem of copper-aluminum composites in practical processing is the strength of interfacial bonding. Due to the backward preparation process, the quality of the prepared copper-aluminum composite is poor, the interface may be mixed with cracks and cracks, and the interfacial joint may produce defects such as misalignment, unfusion, inclusion, etc., which reduces the strength of the material and is used in the practical application. Will be affected by such factors as the environment, material service status, installation process and other factors, resulting in product fracture. At present, there are two types of copper and aluminum composites in the market: open interface and closed interface. Copper and aluminum composites with closed interface are mainly copper and aluminum coated products. The composite materials with open interface include upper and lower laminated composites, lateral composite materials and so on. The preparation of laminated composites is mainly composed of cold-rolled composites. The metallurgical bonding of the two metals is produced by the subsequent heat treatment, and the composite strength is optimized. However, due to the different mechanism of laminated composites, there are few researches on this kind of composite materials. It is easy to produce brittle metal intermediate compounds at the interface by solid-liquid compounding method, which affects the bonding strength of interface. The solid-solid composite method is dangerous in the production process of explosive composite, and cold-rolled composite is suitable for the composite of upper and lower layers. The lateral composite copper-aluminum composite prepared by Conclad continuous extrusion at 500 鈩，
本文编号：2249946
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