多孔ZnO纳米材料的构筑及其传感器件应用
发布时间：2018-10-05 13:55
【摘要】：近年来，随着工业化进程的加快，环境污染日趋严重，迫切需要人们对有毒有害、易燃易爆气体进行实时监测和控制。此外，交通运输中的酒驾检查以及恐怖袭击中的毒气检测预防等，也都迫切需要对气体组分进行快速识别，面对这些威胁和挑战，气敏传感器的开发已成为当今关系到人类发展的重要组成部分，成为世界各国共同关注的主要课题之一。作为气敏传感器核心部分之一的气敏材料，其种类和结构对传感器的使用性能都有着重要影响。人们通过各种方法来提高气体传感器件的性能，，如金属掺杂、材料多孔化等，而开发和设计具有多孔结构、大比表面积的氧化物半导体材料，是有效改善传感器传感特性的有效方案之一，多孔化材料能显著提高材料的比表面积、载流子迁移率、多孔性和通透性，对提高气敏传感器的灵敏度，响应恢复特性和检测下限具有重要作用，我们通过对氧化物半导体材料氧化锌进行结构调控，制作出性能优良的气敏传感器件。 本文是以水热合成法作为平台，以ZnO微纳的材料为主要的研究对象，通过调节水热前驱体溶液中各原材料之间的比例、溶液的pH值以及添加表面活性剂等方法来设计合成不同形貌和结构的ZnO微纳材料，以期改善ZnO材料的气敏性能，从而制作出高性能的气体传感器件。主要内容如下： 1.壳状氧化锌纳米材料制备及其传感器件研究 用水热法合成了形貌呈壳状结构的氧化锌纳米材料，制作了基于该壳状结构氧化锌纳米材料的的气体传感器，并对其气敏特性进行了研究。结果显示，该气体传感器在300℃的最佳工作温度下，对100ppm丙酮气体的灵敏度为24.8，响应和恢复时间分别为2s和3s。此外，还测试了该传感器对普遍几种干扰气体的气敏性能，结果表明了该器件具有良好的选择性能。 2.表面无孔和多孔氧化锌纳米棒的制备及其传感器件研究 利用简单的水热法成功制备了表面无孔和多孔的棒状氧化锌纳米材料。我们将这两种材料作为敏感材料制成了气体传感器件，研究表明，在最佳工作温度280℃的条件下，基于多孔纳米棒状氧化锌气体传感器件对100ppm乙醇气体的灵敏度为27.9，其是在相同条件下基于无孔纳米棒状氧化锌传感器件对同浓度乙醇气体灵敏度（其值为5.8）的4.8倍，并且是相同条件下干扰气体中灵敏度最大的丙酮气体的3.1倍，说明该器件具有优异的选择。此外，基于多孔纳米棒状氧化锌传感器件对100ppm乙醇气体的响应恢复时间分别为3s和10s。 3.多孔氧化锌微米球的制备及其传感器件研究 通过常用的水热法成功合成了多孔氧化锌微米球材料，以其为敏感材料制作了气敏传感器件，研究了该器件的气敏特性。研究表明，在工作温度为280℃条件下，该气敏传感器件对含量为50ppm丙酮气体的灵敏度为26.8，响应恢复的时间分别为4s和10s。此外，基于多孔氧化锌微米球该传感器件对常见其它干扰气体的灵敏度比较小，因此，该器件具有良好的选择性能。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the acceleration of the industrialization process, the environmental pollution is becoming more and more serious, and people need to monitor and control the toxic and harmful, inflammable and explosive gases in real time. In addition, there is an urgent need for rapid identification of gas components and the development of gas-sensitive sensors has become an important component of human development in the face of these threats and challenges. It is one of the main topics of common concern to all countries of the world. As the air-sensitive material of the core part of the gas-sensitive sensor, its kind and structure have important influence on the performance of the sensor. various methods are adopted to improve the performance of gas sensor devices, such as metal doping, porous materials and the like, and the development and design of oxide semiconductor materials with porous structure and large specific surface area are one of the effective schemes for effectively improving sensor sensing characteristics, The porous material can remarkably improve the specific surface area, the carrier mobility, the porosity and the permeability of the material, and has an important role in improving the sensitivity, the response recovery characteristic and the detection lower limit of the gas-sensitive sensor, and the structure of the oxide semiconductor material zinc oxide is controlled, and the gas-sensitive sensor device with excellent performance is manufactured. In this paper, using hydrothermal synthesis method as a platform, ZnO micro-nano material is used as the main research object. By adjusting the ratio of raw materials in the hydrothermal precursor solution, the pH value of the solution and the addition of surfactants, ZnO micro-nano materials with different shapes and structures are designed. Materials, with a view to improving the gas-sensitive properties of ZnO materials, to produce high-performance gas sensing Devices. Main Content The preparation method of the shell-like zinc oxide nano material In this paper, a gas sensor based on the shell-like structure of zinc oxide nano-material was prepared by using hydrothermal method, and the gas sensor based on the shell-like structure zinc oxide nano-material was prepared. The sensitivity of the gas sensor to 100ppm acetone gas was 24. 8, response and recovery time at the optimum operating temperature of 300 鈩
本文编号：2253655
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the acceleration of the industrialization process, the environmental pollution is becoming more and more serious, and people need to monitor and control the toxic and harmful, inflammable and explosive gases in real time. In addition, there is an urgent need for rapid identification of gas components and the development of gas-sensitive sensors has become an important component of human development in the face of these threats and challenges. It is one of the main topics of common concern to all countries of the world. As the air-sensitive material of the core part of the gas-sensitive sensor, its kind and structure have important influence on the performance of the sensor. various methods are adopted to improve the performance of gas sensor devices, such as metal doping, porous materials and the like, and the development and design of oxide semiconductor materials with porous structure and large specific surface area are one of the effective schemes for effectively improving sensor sensing characteristics, The porous material can remarkably improve the specific surface area, the carrier mobility, the porosity and the permeability of the material, and has an important role in improving the sensitivity, the response recovery characteristic and the detection lower limit of the gas-sensitive sensor, and the structure of the oxide semiconductor material zinc oxide is controlled, and the gas-sensitive sensor device with excellent performance is manufactured. In this paper, using hydrothermal synthesis method as a platform, ZnO micro-nano material is used as the main research object. By adjusting the ratio of raw materials in the hydrothermal precursor solution, the pH value of the solution and the addition of surfactants, ZnO micro-nano materials with different shapes and structures are designed. Materials, with a view to improving the gas-sensitive properties of ZnO materials, to produce high-performance gas sensing Devices. Main Content The preparation method of the shell-like zinc oxide nano material In this paper, a gas sensor based on the shell-like structure of zinc oxide nano-material was prepared by using hydrothermal method, and the gas sensor based on the shell-like structure zinc oxide nano-material was prepared. The sensitivity of the gas sensor to 100ppm acetone gas was 24. 8, response and recovery time at the optimum operating temperature of 300 鈩
本文编号：2253655
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