改性氧化石墨烯负载多孔纳米复合纤维的制备及性能研究

发布时间：2018-10-16 16:35

【摘要】：石墨烯和氧化石墨烯都由单层碳原子以sp2杂化紧密堆积而成的二维蜂窝状晶格材料,作为碳的一种特殊结构其具有大的比表面积、无耐药性、生物相容性等特点,在生物医用领域中引起了极大的关注。近些年石墨烯的制备、性能的表征以及其在材料中的应用都取得了重要的进展。卤铵盐作为一种人们熟知的一种抗菌材料,其在抗菌领域得到了很好的应用。本文通过接枝改性氧化石墨烯(GO)制备了 1-羟甲基-5,5-二甲基乙内酰脲/氧化石墨烯(1-MDMH/GO)纳米材料。该材料同时具有石墨烯长效抗菌性能,也具有卤铵盐抗菌广谱性。通过FTIR、XRD、XPS、SEM、TEM、AFM、TG、以及Raman等方法对1-MDMH/GO纳米材料的微观结构和性能进行了表征。分别用金黄色葡萄球菌(S.cereus)和大肠杆菌(E.coli)的模拟体系通过平板计数法以及抑菌圈实验对GO和1-MDMH/GO的抗菌性能进行检测。通过平板计数法得到1-MDMH/GO对S.cereus的抑菌率达到了 97.9%,对E.coli的抑菌率达到92.4%;而1-MDMH/GO较之GO,相同条件下其对上述两种细菌有更好的抑制能力,抗菌率分别提高了25.0%和33.3%。通过扫描电镜照片观察,1-MDMH/GO纳米材料处理后的细胞膜遭到了严重的破坏。采用静电纺丝技术,通过改变聚合物不同的溶剂体系、纺丝工艺参数以及1-MDMH/GO用量的条件制备了具有多孔的纳米纤维。并对制得的纳米复合纤维进行了性能测试和比较,最终确定了最佳的纺丝工艺为N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)-丙酮混合溶剂质量比为4:1、纺丝电压为20 Kv、聚丙烯腈浓度为15%、接收距离为15 cm以及复合纤维负载1-MDMH/GO用量为15%时制得的纤维性能最好。通过抗菌实验测试,得到其对S.cereus的抑菌率达到了87.5%,对E.coli的抑菌率达到81.6%。表明得到的纳米复合纤维具有很好的抗菌应用前景。
[Abstract]:Both graphene and graphene oxide are two dimensional honeycomb lattice materials, which are composed of monolayer carbon atoms and sp2 hybrids. As a special structure of carbon, graphene and graphene oxide have the characteristics of large specific surface area, no resistance, biocompatibility and so on. It has attracted great attention in the field of biomedicine. In recent years, important progress has been made in the preparation, characterization and application of graphene. Halogen ammonium salt, as a well-known antibacterial material, has been applied in antibacterial field. In this paper, 1-hydroxymethyl-5-dimethyl acetonide / graphene oxide (1-MDMH/GO) nanomaterials were prepared by graft modification of graphene oxide (GO). The material also has long-effect antibacterial properties of graphene and wide-spectrum antibacterial properties of ammonium halides. The microstructure and properties of 1-MDMH/GO nanomaterials were characterized by FTIR,XRD,XPS,SEM,TEM,AFM,TG, and Raman. The antibacterial properties of Staphylococcus aureus (S.cereus) and Escherichia coli (E.coli) were tested by plate counting method and bacteriostasis test respectively by using the simulation system of Staphylococcus aureus (S.cereus) and Escherichia coli (E.coli). The bacteriostatic rate of 1-MDMH/GO on S.cereus and E.coli was 97.9 and 92.4respectively, and that of 1-MDMH/GO was better than that of GO, under the same condition, and the antibacterial rate of 1-MDMH/GO was increased by 25.0% and 33.3%, respectively. By scanning electron microscope (SEM) photos, the membrane of 1-MDMH/GO nanomaterials was severely damaged. The porous nanofibers were prepared by electrospinning technology by changing the solvent system of polymer spinning process parameters and the amount of 1-MDMH/GO. The properties of the nanocomposite fibers were tested and compared. The optimum spinning process was determined as follows: the mass ratio of NN- dimethylformamide (DMF) to acetone was 4: 1, the spinning voltage was 20 Kv, the concentration of polyacrylonitrile was 15, the receiving distance was 15 cm, and the amount of composite fiber loaded 1-MDMH/GO was 15. The fiber has the best properties. The bacteriostatic rate of S.cereus and E.coli were 87.5% and 81.6% respectively. The results show that the nanocomposite fiber has a good prospect of antibacterial application.
【学位授予单位】：天津工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TQ342.94;TB34

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