喷动流化床包覆改性废弃印刷线路板非金属颗粒资源化研究

发布时间：2018-11-04 20:21

【摘要】：废弃印刷线路板非金属材料(Non-metallic Materials Recycled from Waste Printed Circuit Boards, N-WPCB)主要由玻璃纤维与热固性塑料组成,是一种难以资源化利用的废弃物。本文以废弃印刷线路板非金属材料的资源化为目的,在导向管喷动流化床中对N-WPCB颗粒进行了包覆改性,并以N-WPCB颗粒为填料、聚丙烯(PP)为基质制备了系列PP/N-WPCB复合材料。实验研究了N-WPCB颗粒粒径及添加量对PP/N-WPCB复合材料性能的影响。研究表明,粒径≤154μm的N-WPCB颗粒适宜用作PP基质的填料,复合材料的力学性能较好。随着N-WPCB添加量的增加,复合材料的氧指数(OI)、弯曲强度提高,拉伸强度、冲击强度降低。综合考虑N-WPCB的资源化利用与PP/N-WPCB复合材料的性能,选择m(PP):m(N-WPCB)为100：40进行研究。实验研究了改性剂对N-WPCB颗粒的改性效果,以及改性剂的作用机理。研究表明,KH-550对N-WPCB颗粒的改性效果最优,KH-560次之,NDZ-201最差。KH-550改性可以有效降低N-WPCB颗粒的表面极性,增强N-WPCB颗粒与PP基质的相容性和界面粘结强度,进而提高PP/N-WPCB复合材料的力学性能。通过包覆后N-WPCB颗粒的粒径及PP/N-WPCB复合材料的力学性能变化,研究了包覆改性过程中喷雾速率、雾化气速、床层温度、喷动气速、流化气速等操作参数对N-WPCB颗粒改性效果的影响,并得出了优化的操作参数。包覆改性过程的较优操作参数如下：喷雾速率为3.2 cm·s-1,雾化气速为58.98m·s-1,床层温度为80℃,喷动气速为29.49 m·s·s-1,流化气速为0.048m·s-1。采用PP颗粒辅助流化改善了N-WPCB颗粒在导向管喷动流化床中的流化质量。研究表明：PP颗粒辅助流化可以强化N-WPCB颗粒的改性效果,PP/N-WPCB复合材料的力学性能也随之提高。当混合颗粒体系中,PP颗粒与N-WPCB颗粒的质量比为100:80,KH-550用量为4 phr时,PP/N-WPCB复合材料的力学性能达到最优。此时,复合材料的弯曲、拉伸及冲击强度分别为55.46 Mpa、41.556 Mpa、6.198 kJ·m-2,较改性前分别提高了16.60%、23.22%和23.64%。
[Abstract]:The waste printed circuit board nonmetallic material (Non-metallic Materials Recycled from Waste Printed Circuit Boards, N-WPCB) is mainly composed of glass fiber and thermosetting plastics. In this paper, N-WPCB particles were coated in a spouted fluidized bed with a guide tube, and N-WPCB particles were used as fillers for the purpose of recycling waste printed circuit board nonmetallic materials. A series of PP/N-WPCB composites based on polypropylene (PP) were prepared. The effects of particle size and addition of N-WPCB particles on the properties of PP/N-WPCB composites were investigated experimentally. The results showed that the N-WPCB particles with diameter 鈮，

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