具有特殊形貌纳米金的制备及其在肿瘤近红外光热治疗中的应用
发布时间：2018-11-07 11:20
【摘要】：随着环境以及食品污染的加剧,癌症已经成为影响人类生命健康的重要因素。治疗癌症的关键是早期发现并且早期治疗,在癌症高发并且持续升高的趋势下,寻找有效的诊断和治疗方法已经成为研究热点。目前比较常见的癌症治疗方法有手术治疗、药物治疗以及放射性治疗,但这些传统的治疗方法都存在着一些缺陷。近红外光热治疗是利用光热转化原理杀死肿瘤细胞。该方法对正常组织伤害小,且治疗效果好。近年来,近红外光热治疗已经成为研究的热点。本学位论文旨在制备高效稳定的光热试剂,并将其应用于肿瘤细胞以及肿瘤的近红外光热治疗,同时也对光热治疗细胞死亡的机制进行初步探讨。本学位论文的主要研究内容如下:1.制备了金-凹土纳米复合材料,并应用于肺癌细胞(A549)的近红外光热治疗。金-凹土纳米复合材料的制备方法是以凹土(凹凸棒粘土)为模板,通过静电吸附作用将带有负电荷的纳米金球(15 nm)组装到凹土表面,从而制备得到金-凹土纳米复合材料。通过多种表征手段(TEM、XRD、EDX以及UV-Vis等)对制备的复合材料进行了一系列的表征,结果表明已成功制备出金-凹土纳米复合材料,并且纳米金球不是简单的聚集在凹土表面,而是沿着凹土的表面组装。通过UV-Vis表征可以看出金-凹土纳米复合材料在近红外区(约670nm处)有一个吸收峰,因此可以将金-凹土纳米复合材料应用于近红外光热治疗。接着对该材料的光热转化效率进行了研究,结果表明该纳米复合材料的光热转化效率高达25.6%。MTT实验结果表明该纳米复合材料无细胞毒性。将金-凹土纳米复合材料应用于肺癌细胞(A549)的近红外光热治疗,治疗后97%的癌细胞死亡,又将该材料应用于A549肿瘤裸鼠的近红外光热治疗,实验结果表明小鼠肿瘤的生长受到了抑制。2.合成了纳米多枝金,并应用于乳腺癌细胞(MCF-7)的表面增强拉曼光谱分析以及近红外光热治疗。纳米多枝金是通过一锅法制备得到,从TEM以及HRTEM表征中可以看出,该纳米多枝金是高枝化的。在UV-Vis光谱中,该纳米多枝金在近红外(约700 nm处)有较强的吸收。通过对该纳米多枝金光热转化效率的研究,光热转化效率高达23.1%。MTT实验结果表明纳米多枝金无细胞毒性。利用该纳米多枝金的SERS效应,光热治疗癌细胞的变化。并将纳米多枝金应用于MCF-7细胞以及乳腺癌小鼠体内的光热治疗,治疗后几乎所有的MCF-7细胞死亡,并且小鼠的肿瘤部位明显变小。
[Abstract]:With the worsening of environmental and food pollution, cancer has become an important factor affecting human life and health. The key to the treatment of cancer is early detection and early treatment. Under the trend of high incidence and continuous increase of cancer, finding effective diagnosis and treatment methods has become a research hotspot. At present, the common methods of cancer treatment include surgical treatment, drug therapy and radiation therapy, but there are some defects in these traditional methods. Near infrared photothermal therapy is to kill tumor cells by the principle of photothermal transformation. The method has little injury to normal tissue and good therapeutic effect. In recent years, near infrared photothermal therapy has become a hot spot. The purpose of this dissertation is to prepare high efficient and stable photothermal reagents and to apply them to tumor cells and the near infrared photothermal therapy of tumor. At the same time, the mechanism of photothermal therapy for cell death is also discussed. The main contents of this dissertation are as follows: 1. Gold-concave nanocomposites were prepared and used in near infrared photothermal therapy of lung cancer cells (A549). The preparation method of gold-attapulgite nanocomposite is to assemble the negatively charged gold nanospheres (15 nm) onto the surface of attapulgite by electrostatic adsorption using attapulgite as template. Thus gold-attapulgite nanocomposites were prepared. A series of characterization methods (such as TEM,XRD,EDX and UV-Vis) were used to characterize the composite materials. The results showed that the gold-attapulgite nanocomposites had been successfully prepared. And the nanospheres are not simply assembled on the surface of the concave soil, but are assembled along the surface of the concave earth. It can be seen by UV-Vis that there is an absorption peak in near infrared region (about 670nm) of gold-concave earth nanocomposites, so the gold-concave nanocomposites can be used in near infrared photothermal therapy. Then the photothermal conversion efficiency of the nanocomposite was studied. The results showed that the photothermal conversion efficiency of the nanocomposite was higher than that of the 25.6%.MTT experiment. The results showed that the nanocomposite had no cytotoxicity. A549 cells were treated with gold-concave nanocomposites. 97% of the cancer cells died after the treatment, and the material was applied to the near infrared photothermal therapy of A549 tumor nude mice. The results showed that the growth of mouse tumor was inhibited. 2. 2. Nanocrystalline multibranched gold was synthesized and applied to surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy analysis of breast cancer cells (MCF-7) and near infrared photothermal therapy. The nanocrystalline multibranched gold was prepared by one-pot method. From the characterization of TEM and HRTEM, it can be seen that the nano-multi-branched gold is highly branched. In UV-Vis spectra, the nanocrystalline gold has strong absorption in near infrared (about 700 nm). The photothermal conversion efficiency of the nanocrystalline gold was as high as that of 23.1%.MTT. The results showed that there was no cytotoxicity of the nanocrystalline gold. The changes of cancer cells were treated by photothermal therapy using the SERS effect of the nanoscale multibranched gold. After photothermal therapy of MCF-7 cells and breast cancer mice, almost all MCF-7 cells died, and the tumor site of mice became smaller obviously.
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：R730.5;TB383.1
本文编号：2316197
[Abstract]:With the worsening of environmental and food pollution, cancer has become an important factor affecting human life and health. The key to the treatment of cancer is early detection and early treatment. Under the trend of high incidence and continuous increase of cancer, finding effective diagnosis and treatment methods has become a research hotspot. At present, the common methods of cancer treatment include surgical treatment, drug therapy and radiation therapy, but there are some defects in these traditional methods. Near infrared photothermal therapy is to kill tumor cells by the principle of photothermal transformation. The method has little injury to normal tissue and good therapeutic effect. In recent years, near infrared photothermal therapy has become a hot spot. The purpose of this dissertation is to prepare high efficient and stable photothermal reagents and to apply them to tumor cells and the near infrared photothermal therapy of tumor. At the same time, the mechanism of photothermal therapy for cell death is also discussed. The main contents of this dissertation are as follows: 1. Gold-concave nanocomposites were prepared and used in near infrared photothermal therapy of lung cancer cells (A549). The preparation method of gold-attapulgite nanocomposite is to assemble the negatively charged gold nanospheres (15 nm) onto the surface of attapulgite by electrostatic adsorption using attapulgite as template. Thus gold-attapulgite nanocomposites were prepared. A series of characterization methods (such as TEM,XRD,EDX and UV-Vis) were used to characterize the composite materials. The results showed that the gold-attapulgite nanocomposites had been successfully prepared. And the nanospheres are not simply assembled on the surface of the concave soil, but are assembled along the surface of the concave earth. It can be seen by UV-Vis that there is an absorption peak in near infrared region (about 670nm) of gold-concave earth nanocomposites, so the gold-concave nanocomposites can be used in near infrared photothermal therapy. Then the photothermal conversion efficiency of the nanocomposite was studied. The results showed that the photothermal conversion efficiency of the nanocomposite was higher than that of the 25.6%.MTT experiment. The results showed that the nanocomposite had no cytotoxicity. A549 cells were treated with gold-concave nanocomposites. 97% of the cancer cells died after the treatment, and the material was applied to the near infrared photothermal therapy of A549 tumor nude mice. The results showed that the growth of mouse tumor was inhibited. 2. 2. Nanocrystalline multibranched gold was synthesized and applied to surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy analysis of breast cancer cells (MCF-7) and near infrared photothermal therapy. The nanocrystalline multibranched gold was prepared by one-pot method. From the characterization of TEM and HRTEM, it can be seen that the nano-multi-branched gold is highly branched. In UV-Vis spectra, the nanocrystalline gold has strong absorption in near infrared (about 700 nm). The photothermal conversion efficiency of the nanocrystalline gold was as high as that of 23.1%.MTT. The results showed that there was no cytotoxicity of the nanocrystalline gold. The changes of cancer cells were treated by photothermal therapy using the SERS effect of the nanoscale multibranched gold. After photothermal therapy of MCF-7 cells and breast cancer mice, almost all MCF-7 cells died, and the tumor site of mice became smaller obviously.
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：R730.5;TB383.1
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