碳纤维复合材料定心内齿槽加工工艺研究

发布时间：2018-11-07 20:58

【摘要】：碳纤维增强复合材料(CFRP)作为一种先进的复合材料,在材料性能方面展现出了巨大的优势,其特殊的结构造就了密度低、强度高、耐腐蚀等优良的性能,然而这些特性也导致了其加工的困难性,本文针对CFRP弹托制件深孔内齿槽的加工技术展开研究。首先对于CFRP的加工机理以及切削刀具材料的选择进行了探究,根据弹托制件的形状特征制定出合适的弹托加工工艺路线并设计相关工艺装备,从材料特性、刀具等方面分析了内齿槽加工的难点并提出加工方法和使用的刀具。其次通过镗孔试验得出深孔镗削过程切削力随着背吃刀量和进给速度的增大而增大,在切削速度研究范围内切向力随着切削速度的增大呈现先增大后减小的趋势。通过内齿槽切削试验,得出在研究范围内三个方向切削力均随切削速度和进给速度的增大而增大,并得到切削力最小时的切削参数。通过对数据的处理得到三方向切削力与切削速度以及进给速度的拟合公式,以便于预测不同切削参数下的切削力,为选择合适加工参数提供理论指导。通过对比试验得出PCD刀具切削力要小于硬质合金刀具,切削力平均降幅达到24.03%。最后分析不同刀头结构和走刀路径对切削力以及加工质量的影响,使用小成形刀并提出两种齿槽加工走刀路径,降低了齿槽加工过程的切削力。通过对比得出大成形刀的齿槽表面加工质量最好,小成形刀循环加工质量其次,表面有少量毛刺和刀痕,小成形刀分段加工质量最差,会产生明显刀痕,选用较低的进给速度可减小刀具振动,提高齿槽表面加工质量。
[Abstract]:As an advanced composite material, carbon fiber reinforced composite (CFRP) has shown great advantages in material properties. Its special structure has brought about excellent properties such as low density, high strength, corrosion resistance and so on. However, these characteristics also lead to the difficulty of processing. This paper studies the machining technology of deep hole inner slot of CFRP projectile. Firstly, the machining mechanism of CFRP and the selection of cutting tool material are explored. According to the shape characteristics of the projectile, the suitable processing route of the projectile is worked out, and the related process equipment is designed, which is based on the characteristics of the material. This paper analyzes the difficulties in the machining of internal grooves, and puts forward the machining methods and the tools used. Secondly, through boring experiment, it is found that the cutting force increases with the increase of the feed speed and the back feed rate, and the tangential force increases first and then decreases with the increase of the cutting speed. The cutting force in three directions increases with the increase of cutting speed and feed speed, and the cutting parameters are obtained when the cutting force is minimum. By processing the data, the fitting formulas of the three directions cutting force, cutting speed and feed speed are obtained to predict the cutting force under different cutting parameters and to provide theoretical guidance for the selection of suitable machining parameters. The results show that the cutting force of PCD cutting tool is smaller than that of cemented carbide tool, and the average reduction of cutting force is 24.03. Finally, the influence of different head structure and path on cutting force and machining quality is analyzed, and two kinds of cutting paths are put forward to reduce the cutting force. The results show that the machining quality of the tooth groove surface of the large forming cutter is the best, that of the small forming cutter is the second, there are a few burrs and cutting marks on the surface, and the small forming tool has the worst machining quality, which will produce obvious cutting marks. Lower feed speed can reduce tool vibration and improve machining quality of tooth groove surface.
【学位授予单位】：南京理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TB332

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