水泥基泡沫保温材料的制备与轻韧化研究
发布时间：2018-11-12 20:49
【摘要】：全球能源消耗激增导致了能源紧缺难题、因此节能减排已然成为世界性的研究课题。我国建筑能耗占国家总耗能的三分之一,其中建筑外墙能量流失的比例高达40%~45%,可见建筑节能作为目前最直接也最具潜力的节能途径越来越受到全社会的广泛关注,其中建筑外墙保温材料备受关注。目前泡沫塑料以其质轻、导热系数低等优点占据较大的市场份额,但是它们容易导致火灾问题。本文基于外墙保温材料研究现状,拟研制一种以无机胶凝材料为基料,通过掺加外加剂来克服泡沫混凝土容重大、韧性差等缺陷,从而制得质轻、保温性好、韧性好的新型泡沫保温材料。试验比较了利用双氧水化学发泡法制备的泡沫硅酸盐水泥与利用松香发泡剂物理发泡法制备的泡沫硫铝酸盐水泥这两类泡沫水泥的各项性能。0.4wt%的促凝剂碳酸锂,5wt%的发泡剂双氧水,泡沫硅酸盐水泥试件容重为460kg/m3,导热系数为0.060W/(m?K)。相同发泡倍率下,松香掺量为2.5wt%,此时泡沫硫铝酸盐水泥试件容重为408kg/m3,导热系数为0.050W/(m?K)。可见泡沫硫铝酸盐水泥容重小,导热系数较小;因此确立本文的研究对象:泡沫硫铝酸盐水泥。确定制备泡沫水泥最佳工艺参数分别为:浆料温度35℃,搅拌速率3000r/min,搅拌时间100s,最佳稳泡剂掺量0.4wt%。但泡沫水泥试件的各项性能无法满足实际应用的要求。试验通过添加二级粉煤灰与闭孔微珠复配轻骨料与水泥共混发泡,以期降低泡沫水泥试件容重和导热系数。级配实验表明:25%的微珠占比使得轻骨料空隙率最低,接近于理论值。确定闭孔微珠与二级粉煤灰比例为1:3,此时级配轻骨料导热系数趋近于0.03W/(m?K)。利用级配轻骨料与硫铝酸盐水泥共混发泡,当掺入41.3wt%级配轻骨料时,泡沫试件容重可降低至285kg/m3,导热系数降低至0.038W/(m?K),但泡沫试件力学强度下降较大。利用改性脲醛树脂、聚乙烯醇(PVA)纤维、硅藻土对泡沫水泥进行增韧改性。当改性脲醛树脂掺量为10wt%时,复合泡沫试件导热系数可降低至0.034W/(m?K),复合泡沫试件7天抗压强度升高至0.76MPa,28天抗压强度升高至1.27MPa;当PVA纤维的体积掺量达到1.5%时,压折比下降了46.53%;掺加0.5wt%的硅藻土后泡沫水泥试件压折比降低至0.91,压折比下降了10%。
[Abstract]:The global energy consumption surge has led to the energy shortage problem, so energy saving and emission reduction has become a worldwide research topic. Building energy consumption in our country accounts for 1/3 of the total energy consumption in our country, of which the proportion of energy loss of building exterior wall is as high as 40% and 45%. It can be seen that building energy conservation as the most direct and potential way of energy conservation has been paid more and more attention to by the whole society. One of the building wall insulation materials have received much attention. Foam plastics occupy a large market share due to their advantages of light weight and low thermal conductivity, but they can easily lead to fire problems. In this paper, based on the present research situation of exterior wall insulation material, a kind of inorganic cementitious material as base material is developed to overcome the defects of large volume and poor toughness of foamed concrete by adding admixture, so as to make it light in weight and good in temperature preservation. A new type of foam insulation material with good toughness. The properties of foam Portland cement prepared by hydrogen peroxide chemical foaming method and foam sulphoaluminate cement prepared by physical foaming method of rosin foaming agent were compared. The bulk density of the foam Portland cement sample is 460kg / m ~ (3) and the thermal conductivity is 0.060W/ (MK). At the same foaming rate, the rosin content is 2.5 wt.The bulk density of the foam sulphoaluminate cement specimen is 408 kg / m ~ 3, and the thermal conductivity is 0.050W/ (MK). It can be seen that the bulk density and thermal conductivity of foam sulphoaluminate cement are small, so the research object of this paper: foam sulphoaluminate cement. The optimum technological parameters for the preparation of foam cement were determined as follows: slurry temperature 35 鈩，
本文编号：2328187
[Abstract]:The global energy consumption surge has led to the energy shortage problem, so energy saving and emission reduction has become a worldwide research topic. Building energy consumption in our country accounts for 1/3 of the total energy consumption in our country, of which the proportion of energy loss of building exterior wall is as high as 40% and 45%. It can be seen that building energy conservation as the most direct and potential way of energy conservation has been paid more and more attention to by the whole society. One of the building wall insulation materials have received much attention. Foam plastics occupy a large market share due to their advantages of light weight and low thermal conductivity, but they can easily lead to fire problems. In this paper, based on the present research situation of exterior wall insulation material, a kind of inorganic cementitious material as base material is developed to overcome the defects of large volume and poor toughness of foamed concrete by adding admixture, so as to make it light in weight and good in temperature preservation. A new type of foam insulation material with good toughness. The properties of foam Portland cement prepared by hydrogen peroxide chemical foaming method and foam sulphoaluminate cement prepared by physical foaming method of rosin foaming agent were compared. The bulk density of the foam Portland cement sample is 460kg / m ~ (3) and the thermal conductivity is 0.060W/ (MK). At the same foaming rate, the rosin content is 2.5 wt.The bulk density of the foam sulphoaluminate cement specimen is 408 kg / m ~ 3, and the thermal conductivity is 0.050W/ (MK). It can be seen that the bulk density and thermal conductivity of foam sulphoaluminate cement are small, so the research object of this paper: foam sulphoaluminate cement. The optimum technological parameters for the preparation of foam cement were determined as follows: slurry temperature 35 鈩，
本文编号：2328187
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