基于胶体晶模板FeGa纳米阵列的可控合成及光学性能研究
发布时间：2018-11-12 21:07
【摘要】：近年来，有序纳米结构阵列由于其在光子晶体表面增强拉曼散射光谱光催化生物传感等方面的广泛应用而备受关注。纳米结构阵列由很多规则有序的结构单元组成，与一般材料相比，它不仅具有纳米材料本身固有的性能，还可以因为结构单元之间的耦合效应而表现出一些特殊的性能，从而拓展了其应用。在众多制备纳米阵列的方法中，胶体晶体模板法由于其操作简单经济可控性强等优点而成为纳米阵列构筑中最常用的方法之一。胶体晶体模板法构筑纳米结构阵列的途径主要有化学沉积方法（包括溶液/溶胶浸渍法电化学沉积电泳沉积等）和物理沉积方法[比如热蒸发沉积电子束蒸发沉积脉冲激光沉积(PLD)原子层沉积(ALD)，磁控溅射沉积等]。二者相比,物理沉积方法克服了化学沉积过程中因前驱体未完全分解而残留大量杂质的缺点，易获得较大面积的规整排列的结构阵列如纳米颗粒纳米团簇纳米孔纳米柱纳米环等，因此物理沉积的方法受到人们的广泛关注。另外通过对合成路线的设计或沉积技术的选择，可以获得更加复杂的结构。 对于纳米阵列材料，其性能与阵列的形貌及结构尺寸密切相关，因此纳米阵列形貌与结构的可控合成对其光学性能的研究有着重要意义。本文以胶体晶体为模板，结合磁控溅射的方法制备具有六方周期性结构的FeGa纳米球壳阵列，并对其光学性能进行研究，其主要研究内容为三个部分：(1)采用气-液界面自组装的方法制备单层胶体晶体模板，通过改变微球的尺寸和沉积时间对纳米阵列的形貌进行调控。结果表明该纳米阵列具有有序排列的类空心球结构，纳米阵列的结构单元尺寸和厚度分别随着胶体微球尺寸和沉积时间的增加而增加。另外纳米阵列的球壳厚度并不均匀，而是由顶端向下逐渐减小。(2)对FeGa纳米球壳阵列进行光学性能测试，结果表明随着纳米阵列结构尺寸的增加，吸收峰在大范围内发生红移，并且通过对纳米阵列的结构单元尺寸及厚度的调节能够实现峰位峰强及峰宽的调控，并对纳米阵列的光学吸收进行了理论分析。(3)FeGa合金作为一种新型的磁性材料，具有较大的磁致伸缩系数和较小的饱和磁化强度，在外加磁场作用下能够发生磁致伸缩。实验发现当施加垂直于纳米阵列薄膜的外加磁场时，随着磁场的增加，纳米阵列的光吸收强度逐渐减弱，，因为当纳米阵列发生磁致伸缩，其结构单元被水平拉伸，球形阵列曲率减小，反射增强，从而导致吸收强度减弱。
[Abstract]:In recent years, ordered nanostructures array due to its photonic crystal? Surface enhanced Raman scattering? Photocatalysis? The wide application of biosensor has attracted much attention. Nanostructured arrays are composed of many regular and ordered structural units. Compared with general materials, nanostructured arrays not only have inherent properties of nanomaterials themselves, but also exhibit some special properties because of the coupling effect between structural units. Thus, its application is expanded. Among the many methods of preparing nanoscale arrays, the colloidal crystal template method is simple because of its simple operation. Economics Because of its strong controllability, it has become one of the most commonly used methods in nano array construction. The main ways to fabricate nanostructured arrays by colloidal crystal template are chemical deposition (including solution / sol impregnation method). Electrochemical deposition? Electrophoretic deposition, etc.) and physical deposition methods [e.g. thermal evaporation deposition? Electron beam evaporation deposition? Pulsed laser deposition of (PLD)? Atomic layer deposition, (ALD), magnetron sputtering deposition, etc. The physical deposition method overcomes the defects of large amount of impurities in the chemical deposition process because the precursor is not completely decomposed and it is easy to obtain a large area of structured arrays such as nanocrystalline particles. Nanoclusters? Nanopores? Nanorods? Because of the nano-ring and so on, the method of physical deposition has been paid more and more attention. In addition, more complex structures can be obtained by the design of synthetic routes or the selection of deposition techniques. The properties of nano-array materials are closely related to the morphology and structural size of the arrays. Therefore, the controllable synthesis of the morphology and structure of nanoarrays is of great significance to the study of their optical properties. In this paper, FeGa nanospheres arrays with hexagonal periodic structure were fabricated by using colloidal crystal as template and magnetron sputtering method, and their optical properties were studied. The main research contents are as follows: (1) monolayer colloidal crystal templates were prepared by gas-liquid interface self-assembly method. The morphology of nanoscale arrays was regulated by changing the size and deposition time of microspheres. The results show that the structure of the nanoarray has an ordered array of hollow spheres, and the size and thickness of the structure unit increase with the increase of the size and deposition time of the colloidal microspheres, respectively. In addition, the spherical shell thickness is not uniform, but gradually decreases from the top to the bottom. (2) the optical properties of the FeGa nanospheres array are tested. The results show that with the increase of the size of the nanoarrays, The absorption peak is redshifted in a wide range, and the peak position can be realized by adjusting the size and thickness of the structure unit of the nanoscale array. (3) as a new type of magnetic material, FeGa alloy has high magnetostrictive coefficient and low saturation magnetization. Magnetostriction can occur under the action of an external magnetic field. It is found that when the applied magnetic field perpendicular to the nanoscale film is applied, the optical absorption intensity decreases with the increase of the magnetic field, because when the nanoscale array is magnetostrictive, the structure unit is stretched horizontally. The curvature of the spherical array decreases and the reflection increases, which results in the decrease of the absorption intensity.
【学位授予单位】：浙江理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TB383.1
本文编号：2328218
[Abstract]:In recent years, ordered nanostructures array due to its photonic crystal? Surface enhanced Raman scattering? Photocatalysis? The wide application of biosensor has attracted much attention. Nanostructured arrays are composed of many regular and ordered structural units. Compared with general materials, nanostructured arrays not only have inherent properties of nanomaterials themselves, but also exhibit some special properties because of the coupling effect between structural units. Thus, its application is expanded. Among the many methods of preparing nanoscale arrays, the colloidal crystal template method is simple because of its simple operation. Economics Because of its strong controllability, it has become one of the most commonly used methods in nano array construction. The main ways to fabricate nanostructured arrays by colloidal crystal template are chemical deposition (including solution / sol impregnation method). Electrochemical deposition? Electrophoretic deposition, etc.) and physical deposition methods [e.g. thermal evaporation deposition? Electron beam evaporation deposition? Pulsed laser deposition of (PLD)? Atomic layer deposition, (ALD), magnetron sputtering deposition, etc. The physical deposition method overcomes the defects of large amount of impurities in the chemical deposition process because the precursor is not completely decomposed and it is easy to obtain a large area of structured arrays such as nanocrystalline particles. Nanoclusters? Nanopores? Nanorods? Because of the nano-ring and so on, the method of physical deposition has been paid more and more attention. In addition, more complex structures can be obtained by the design of synthetic routes or the selection of deposition techniques. The properties of nano-array materials are closely related to the morphology and structural size of the arrays. Therefore, the controllable synthesis of the morphology and structure of nanoarrays is of great significance to the study of their optical properties. In this paper, FeGa nanospheres arrays with hexagonal periodic structure were fabricated by using colloidal crystal as template and magnetron sputtering method, and their optical properties were studied. The main research contents are as follows: (1) monolayer colloidal crystal templates were prepared by gas-liquid interface self-assembly method. The morphology of nanoscale arrays was regulated by changing the size and deposition time of microspheres. The results show that the structure of the nanoarray has an ordered array of hollow spheres, and the size and thickness of the structure unit increase with the increase of the size and deposition time of the colloidal microspheres, respectively. In addition, the spherical shell thickness is not uniform, but gradually decreases from the top to the bottom. (2) the optical properties of the FeGa nanospheres array are tested. The results show that with the increase of the size of the nanoarrays, The absorption peak is redshifted in a wide range, and the peak position can be realized by adjusting the size and thickness of the structure unit of the nanoscale array. (3) as a new type of magnetic material, FeGa alloy has high magnetostrictive coefficient and low saturation magnetization. Magnetostriction can occur under the action of an external magnetic field. It is found that when the applied magnetic field perpendicular to the nanoscale film is applied, the optical absorption intensity decreases with the increase of the magnetic field, because when the nanoscale array is magnetostrictive, the structure unit is stretched horizontally. The curvature of the spherical array decreases and the reflection increases, which results in the decrease of the absorption intensity.
【学位授予单位】：浙江理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TB383.1
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