基于多层静电纺丝纳米纤维的吸波复合材料制备和性能研究
发布时间：2019-06-08 13:06
【摘要】：吸波材料无论在军用还是民用上都越来越重要。传统的或者单一的吸波材料很难满足“吸收强,频带宽,重量轻,厚度薄等”要求,除了研究新型的吸波剂以外,对于吸波剂在成分或者结构上的复合成了一种很重要的提高吸波体性能的方式。对于多层吸波体,基于一种或者几种吸波剂材料与质轻性能好的有机聚合物进行混纺得到的纳米纤维,进行多层设计,使之满足阻抗渐变以尽量使阻抗匹配,最终制备出综合性能良好的吸波复合材料。本文研究了电纺纳米纤维的工艺控制,电纺出了三种吸波剂颗粒(纳米四氧化三铁,纳米碳化硅,导电态聚苯胺)的纳米纤维膜,研究了电纺工艺参数、纳米吸波剂含量对纳米纤维薄膜微观形貌、纳米颗粒分散规律、热稳定性及力学性能等影响规律,得到了微观形貌良好,纳米颗粒分散效果较好的纤维薄膜。制备了纳米纤维膜/环氧树脂的复合材料,并测量了电磁参数,研究了纳米四氧化三铁,纳米碳化硅和导电态聚苯胺不同的添加量对材料电磁参数的影响规律,基于阻抗匹配与传输线理论,设计了单层与多层复合材料电磁波反射设计程序,得到了多层纳米纤维薄膜复合材料吸波优化设计方案,以吸收峰值和吸收频宽为标准得到了2mm厚度下三层吸波复合材料的最优设计。制备出了基于电纺纳米纤维的三层吸波环氧树脂基复合材料,进行了其吸波、力学、微观形貌,密度等性能研究。材料的吸波强度达到了-40d B,吸收大于-10d B的带宽达到了5GHz,进行了实验与模拟的对比,验证了多层吸波优化设计规律。其拉伸和弯曲强度都要大大优于纯环氧树脂和将纳米颗粒直接分散型的环氧复合材料,在做到了提高吸波性能的同时有提高了力学性能。
[Abstract]:Absorbing materials are becoming more and more important both in military and civilian applications. Traditional or single absorbing materials are difficult to meet the requirements of "strong absorption, frequency bandwidth, light weight, thin thickness and so on". In addition to studying new absorbing agents, For the composition or structure of the absorber, it is a very important way to improve the performance of the absorber. For the multi-layer absorber, the nanofiber based on one or more absorbent materials mixed with the organic polymer with good light properties is designed to meet the impedance gradient to match the impedance as much as possible. Finally, the microwave absorbing composites with good comprehensive properties were prepared. In this paper, the process control of electrospun nanofibers was studied. The nanofiber films of three kinds of absorbing agent particles (nano-iron tetroxide, nano-silicon carbide, conductive Polyaniline) were prepared by electrospinning, and the technological parameters of electrospinning were studied. The effects of nano-absorbent content on the microstructure, dispersion of nanoparticles, thermal stability and mechanical properties of nanofiber thin films were studied. The fiber thin films with good morphology and good dispersion effect of nanoparticles were obtained. The nanofiber film / epoxy resin composites were prepared and the electromagnetic parameters were measured. The effects of different amounts of nano-iron tetroxide, nano-silicon carbide and conductive Polyaniline on the electromagnetic parameters of the materials were studied. Based on impedance matching and transmission line theory, the electromagnetic wave reflection design program of single-layer and multi-layer composites is designed, and the optimal design scheme of microwave absorption of multi-layer nanofiber thin film composites is obtained. Based on the absorption peak value and absorption bandwidth, the optimal design of three-layer absorbing composites with 2mm thickness was obtained. Three-layer absorbing epoxy resin matrix composites based on electrospun nanofibers were prepared and their properties such as absorbing mechanics micromorphology and density were studied. The absorbing intensity of the material is-40dB, and the bandwidth of absorption greater than-10dB is 5GHz. The experimental and simulation results show that the optimal design law of multi-layer absorbing wave is verified. The tensile and bending strength of epoxy composites is much better than that of pure epoxy resin and epoxy composites which disperse nanoparticles directly. The tensile and bending strength of epoxy composites is much better than that of pure epoxy resin and epoxy composites, which not only improves the wave absorption properties, but also improves the mechanical properties of epoxy composites.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TB34;TQ340.64
本文编号：2495302
[Abstract]:Absorbing materials are becoming more and more important both in military and civilian applications. Traditional or single absorbing materials are difficult to meet the requirements of "strong absorption, frequency bandwidth, light weight, thin thickness and so on". In addition to studying new absorbing agents, For the composition or structure of the absorber, it is a very important way to improve the performance of the absorber. For the multi-layer absorber, the nanofiber based on one or more absorbent materials mixed with the organic polymer with good light properties is designed to meet the impedance gradient to match the impedance as much as possible. Finally, the microwave absorbing composites with good comprehensive properties were prepared. In this paper, the process control of electrospun nanofibers was studied. The nanofiber films of three kinds of absorbing agent particles (nano-iron tetroxide, nano-silicon carbide, conductive Polyaniline) were prepared by electrospinning, and the technological parameters of electrospinning were studied. The effects of nano-absorbent content on the microstructure, dispersion of nanoparticles, thermal stability and mechanical properties of nanofiber thin films were studied. The fiber thin films with good morphology and good dispersion effect of nanoparticles were obtained. The nanofiber film / epoxy resin composites were prepared and the electromagnetic parameters were measured. The effects of different amounts of nano-iron tetroxide, nano-silicon carbide and conductive Polyaniline on the electromagnetic parameters of the materials were studied. Based on impedance matching and transmission line theory, the electromagnetic wave reflection design program of single-layer and multi-layer composites is designed, and the optimal design scheme of microwave absorption of multi-layer nanofiber thin film composites is obtained. Based on the absorption peak value and absorption bandwidth, the optimal design of three-layer absorbing composites with 2mm thickness was obtained. Three-layer absorbing epoxy resin matrix composites based on electrospun nanofibers were prepared and their properties such as absorbing mechanics micromorphology and density were studied. The absorbing intensity of the material is-40dB, and the bandwidth of absorption greater than-10dB is 5GHz. The experimental and simulation results show that the optimal design law of multi-layer absorbing wave is verified. The tensile and bending strength of epoxy composites is much better than that of pure epoxy resin and epoxy composites which disperse nanoparticles directly. The tensile and bending strength of epoxy composites is much better than that of pure epoxy resin and epoxy composites, which not only improves the wave absorption properties, but also improves the mechanical properties of epoxy composites.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TB34;TQ340.64
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