聚丙烯导热复合材料的制备与性能研究
发布时间：2019-06-10 20:01
【摘要】：随着科学技术和经济的发展,工业制造及应用中提出材料具有密度小、容易加工、力学性能优良、耐化学腐蚀、电绝缘、成本低廉等优良特性。聚合物材料由于其优良的性能广泛应用于航空航天、国防、交通、化工、电子电气等领域,但是聚合物材料导热系数较低,限制了在与热量输运有关领域的应用,提高其导热性并且保持其他特性成为了研究的热点。本文以氮化铝(Al N)和氮化硼(BN)为填料,以聚丙烯(PP)为基体,通过熔融共混的方法制备了导热聚合物基复合材料。对于所制备的材料,从材料研究角度开展热学、力学等方面的性能测试并表征不同配方材料的微观结构,从工程热物理角度运用导热模型计算分析复合材料的导热性能。通过这两方面的工作,探索影响复合材料导热性能的关键因素,为提高复合材料热导率提供理论和实践的参考。具体地,本文工作包括(1)以三种不同粒径的AlN为填料、PP为基体,使用双螺杆挤出机制备导热复合材料,利用SEM、TGA、DSC、闪射法导热仪等对制备的导热复合材料进行测试和表征,得到以下结论:复合材料的导热系数大体上随AlN含量增加而提高,选择合适的填料颗粒大小有助于同时满足材料制备以及热导率提高的要求;(2)以AlN和BN为填料、PP为基体,制备混合填充的导热复合材料并开展测试和表征,得到以下结论:采用熔融共混方法可以使两种填料均匀的分散在PP基体中,保持AlN的质量分数为30%,复合材料的导热系数随BN质量分数的增大而提高,并且明显大于只有AlN填充的复合材料热导率,说明两种填料混合填充对复合材料导热性能的提升效果更明显。(3)以聚多巴胺改性的BN为填料、PP为基体,熔融共混制备导热复合材料并开展测试和表征,得到以下结论:复合材料的导热系数随BN质量分数的增大而提高,表面改性的程度与复合材料导热性能存在较为复杂的关系,过度的表面改性处理会导致复合材料的导热系数越低,原因是聚多巴胺阻碍了热量的传递。
[Abstract]:With the development of science and technology and economy, it is put forward that the materials have the advantages of low density, easy processing, excellent mechanical properties, chemical corrosion resistance, electrical insulation, low cost and so on. Polymer materials are widely used in aerospace, national defense, transportation, chemical industry, electronics and electrical fields because of their excellent properties, but the thermal conductivity of polymer materials is low, which limits their application in the fields related to heat transport. Improving its thermal conductivity and maintaining other properties has become a hot research topic. In this paper, thermal conductive polymer matrix composites were prepared by melt blending with aluminum nitride (Al N) and boron nitride (BN) as fillers and polypropylene (PP) as matrix. For the prepared materials, the thermal and mechanical properties of the materials were tested from the point of view of material research and the microstructure of different formula materials was characterized. The thermal conductivity of the composites was calculated and analyzed from the point of view of engineering thermophysics. Through these two aspects of work, the key factors affecting the thermal conductivity of composites are explored, which provides theoretical and practical reference for improving the thermal conductivity of composites. Specifically, the work of this paper includes: (1) using three kinds of AlN with different particle sizes as fillers and PP as matrix, the thermal conductivity composites were prepared by twin-screw extrusion mechanism, and the thermal conductivity composites were prepared by SEM,TGA,DSC,. The thermal conductivity of the composites was measured and characterized by flash thermal conductivity meter, and the following conclusions were obtained: the thermal conductivity of the composites increased with the increase of AlN content. The selection of appropriate packing particle size is helpful to meet the requirements of material preparation and thermal conductivity improvement at the same time. (2) using AlN and BN as fillers and PP as matrix, the heat conduction composites filled with mixed fillers were prepared and characterized. The following conclusions are obtained: the two fillers can be uniformly dispersed in PP matrix by melt blending method. When the mass fraction of AlN is 30%, the thermal conductivity of the composites increases with the increase of the mass fraction of BN, and is obviously larger than that of the composites filled with AlN. The results show that the mixed filling of the two fillers has more obvious effect on improving the thermal conductivity of the composites. (3) the thermal conductivity composites were prepared by melt blending with polydopamine modified BN as fillers and PP as matrix, and the thermal conductivity composites were tested and characterized. The following conclusions are obtained: the thermal conductivity of the composites increases with the increase of the mass fraction of BN, and there is a complex relationship between the degree of surface modification and the thermal conductivity of the composites. Excessive surface modification will lead to the lower the thermal conductivity of the composites, because polydopamine hinders the heat transfer.
【学位授予单位】：华北电力大学(北京)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TB332
本文编号：2496696
[Abstract]:With the development of science and technology and economy, it is put forward that the materials have the advantages of low density, easy processing, excellent mechanical properties, chemical corrosion resistance, electrical insulation, low cost and so on. Polymer materials are widely used in aerospace, national defense, transportation, chemical industry, electronics and electrical fields because of their excellent properties, but the thermal conductivity of polymer materials is low, which limits their application in the fields related to heat transport. Improving its thermal conductivity and maintaining other properties has become a hot research topic. In this paper, thermal conductive polymer matrix composites were prepared by melt blending with aluminum nitride (Al N) and boron nitride (BN) as fillers and polypropylene (PP) as matrix. For the prepared materials, the thermal and mechanical properties of the materials were tested from the point of view of material research and the microstructure of different formula materials was characterized. The thermal conductivity of the composites was calculated and analyzed from the point of view of engineering thermophysics. Through these two aspects of work, the key factors affecting the thermal conductivity of composites are explored, which provides theoretical and practical reference for improving the thermal conductivity of composites. Specifically, the work of this paper includes: (1) using three kinds of AlN with different particle sizes as fillers and PP as matrix, the thermal conductivity composites were prepared by twin-screw extrusion mechanism, and the thermal conductivity composites were prepared by SEM,TGA,DSC,. The thermal conductivity of the composites was measured and characterized by flash thermal conductivity meter, and the following conclusions were obtained: the thermal conductivity of the composites increased with the increase of AlN content. The selection of appropriate packing particle size is helpful to meet the requirements of material preparation and thermal conductivity improvement at the same time. (2) using AlN and BN as fillers and PP as matrix, the heat conduction composites filled with mixed fillers were prepared and characterized. The following conclusions are obtained: the two fillers can be uniformly dispersed in PP matrix by melt blending method. When the mass fraction of AlN is 30%, the thermal conductivity of the composites increases with the increase of the mass fraction of BN, and is obviously larger than that of the composites filled with AlN. The results show that the mixed filling of the two fillers has more obvious effect on improving the thermal conductivity of the composites. (3) the thermal conductivity composites were prepared by melt blending with polydopamine modified BN as fillers and PP as matrix, and the thermal conductivity composites were tested and characterized. The following conclusions are obtained: the thermal conductivity of the composites increases with the increase of the mass fraction of BN, and there is a complex relationship between the degree of surface modification and the thermal conductivity of the composites. Excessive surface modification will lead to the lower the thermal conductivity of the composites, because polydopamine hinders the heat transfer.
【学位授予单位】：华北电力大学(北京)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TB332
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