可控制备低维功能化石墨烯基纳米材料及其性能研究

发布时间：2019-06-13 14:56

【摘要】：石墨烯是具有单个碳原子厚度并属于sp2杂化的二维碳材料。最新研究表明:可以将二维的石墨烯制备得到零维的石墨烯量子点,一维的石墨烯纳米卷,以及二维的功能性复合石墨烯纳米薄膜,以及三维构簇的多孔石墨烯,从而实现石墨烯基材料的多元化应用。我们把维数小于二维的称为低维,如零维的石墨烯量子点和一维的石墨烯纳米卷。为此,在本论文主要以下面三个方向制备了低维的石墨烯基纳米材料。1.利用氧化切割法将氧化石墨烯剪切并还原得到石墨烯量子点,并研究了石墨烯量子点的相关的性质。2.通过石墨烯在液氮中冷却形成一维的石墨烯纳米卷并探讨其性质。其因形貌的改变增强了石墨烯的比表面积和比电容特性,作为制备超级电容电极材料应用在超级电容器件。3.制备了二维磺酸基石墨烯复合聚苯胺薄膜材料,通过还原氧化石墨烯,在石墨烯上接枝修饰引入磺酸基,并利用原位聚合制备磺酸基石墨烯掺杂聚苯胺。利用石墨烯表面引入磺酸基,而聚苯胺在酸性溶液中原位复合得到磺酸基石墨烯修饰的聚苯胺材料,通过二次掺杂,制备功能性的磺酸基石墨烯掺杂石墨烯薄膜。其具有高的导电性,比电容特性。以一种简单有效的方法来制备该种材料,并研究该材料在超级电容作为电极材料方面的应用价值。
[Abstract]:Graphene is a two-dimensional carbon material with a single carbon atom thickness and sp2 hybrid. The latest research shows that zero-dimensional graphene quantum dots, one-dimensional graphene nanowires, two-dimensional functional composite graphene nanofilms and three-dimensional porous graphene can be prepared from two-dimensional graphene, so as to realize the diversified application of graphene-based materials. We call low-dimensional graphene quantum dots with dimensions less than two dimensional, such as zero-dimensional graphene quantum dots and one-dimensional graphene nanowires. Therefore, in this paper, low dimensional graphene based nanomaterials were prepared in the following three directions. Graphene quantum dots were obtained by shearing and reducing graphene oxide by oxidation cutting method, and the related properties of graphene quantum dots were studied. One-dimensional graphene nanowires were formed by cooling graphene in liquid nitrogen and their properties were discussed. Due to the change of morphology, the specific surface area and specific capacitance characteristics of graphene were enhanced, and it was used as supercapacitor electrode material in supercapacitor devices. The two-dimensional sulfonic acid cornerstone graphene composite Polyaniline film material was prepared. The sulfonic acid group was introduced into graphene by reducing graphene oxide, and the sulfonic acid cornerstone graphene was prepared by in-situ polymerization. Polyaniline modified by sulfonic acid cornerstone graphene was prepared by introducing sulfonic acid group into graphene surface and Polyaniline was in situ composite in acidic solution. Functional sulfonic acid cornerstone graphene doped graphene thin films were prepared by secondary doping. It has high conductivity and specific capacitance characteristics. The material was prepared by a simple and effective method, and its application value in supercapacitance as electrode material was studied.
【学位授予单位】：南京邮电大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TB383.1;TM53

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