水声宽带声发射匹配技术研究

发布时间：2018-01-03 01:09

本文关键词：水声宽带声发射匹配技术研究　出处：《中国舰船研究院》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：高性能宽带大功率声发射系统是水声对抗装备的关键件之一，为此不仅需要有性能良好的大功率发射机和高性能的宽带换能器，同时需要在换能器和发射机之间加入高性能宽带阻抗匹配网络，才能获得大的输出功率和高的能量转换效率。本文试制了大功率发射机，并进行了设计分析，测试了其性能；详细设计了阻抗匹配网络，并根据发射机的输出阻抗和换能器的阻抗参数试制了电路，进行了试验，使经过匹配后的发射系统具有发射电压响应平坦、发射效率高和换能器阻抗变化小的特点。首先，试制了一台2500W高效率大功率发射机，文中分别对发射机输入电路、驱动放大电路和大功率放大电路进行了详细的讨论。根据设计出的电路进行了器件的选择，印制了电路板，制作了发射机电路，并进行了调试和测试，测试结果满足设计要求。其次，介绍了三种宽带匹配方法。第一种为简易匹配方法，第二种为实频数据法，第三种为基于遗传算法的元件直接优化法。其中第一种为解析方法，后两种为数值方法，并分析了宽带匹配的解析方法与数值方法的应用条件的差异。匹配设计要求匹配后发射电压响应平坦、发射效率高和阻抗变化小。由于设计要求的多目标特性，介绍了多目标函数优化的理论计算。在得到电路的具体参数后，采用电路仿真软件multisim、protel或simulink进行验证。但是由于换能器的等效电路参数是随频率变化而变化，因此不能直观得到结果，本文根据二端口网络的计算公式通过Matlab编程进行仿真验证电路。最后，以一个典型的中高频宽带压电发射换能器为匹配对象，测量了该发射换能器的阻抗参数及发射电压响应。根据测量的参数并结合实频数据法和元件直接优化法编写了匹配网络设计的仿真程序，通过比较多种电路模型的仿真结果得到了一组较好的匹配网络参数。根据仿真得到的元件值进行了匹配网络的制作，，详述了制作过程，并在水池进行了匹配效果测试。测试结果为在频带两端发射电压响应提高了13dB，在频带中段提高了9dB，匹配网络改善了发射电压响应的平坦度，并提升了发射电压响应。
[Abstract]:High performance broadband high power acoustic emission system is one of the key components of underwater acoustic countermeasure equipment. Therefore, not only high power transmitters and high performance broadband transducers are needed. At the same time, it is necessary to add high performance broadband impedance matching network between transducer and transmitter in order to obtain high output power and high energy conversion efficiency. Its performance was tested. The impedance matching network is designed in detail. According to the output impedance of the transmitter and the impedance parameter of the transducer, the circuit is trial-produced, and the experiment is carried out, which makes the matched transmission system have a flat response of the transmitting voltage. High emission efficiency and small change in transducer impedance. First, a 2500W high efficiency high power transmitter is developed, and the transmitter input circuits are given in this paper. The driving amplifier circuit and the high power amplifier circuit are discussed in detail. According to the designed circuit, the circuit board is printed, the transmitter circuit is made, and the debugging and testing are carried out. The test results meet the design requirements. Secondly, three kinds of wideband matching methods are introduced. The first is simple matching method, the second is real frequency data method, the third is element direct optimization method based on genetic algorithm. The latter two methods are numerical methods, and the difference between the analytical method and numerical method is analyzed. The matching design requires that the matching voltage response is flat. The transmission efficiency is high and the impedance change is small. The theoretical calculation of multi-objective function optimization is introduced because of the multi-objective characteristic of the design requirement. After the specific parameters of the circuit are obtained, the circuit simulation software multisim is used. But the equivalent circuit parameters of the transducer vary with the frequency, so the results can not be obtained directly. According to the calculation formula of two-port network, this paper simulates the circuit by Matlab programming. Finally, a typical middle and high frequency wideband piezoelectric transmission transducer is used as the matching object. The impedance parameters and the transmission voltage response of the transmitter are measured. According to the measured parameters, the simulation program of the matching network design is compiled according to the measured parameters, combining with the real frequency data method and the element direct optimization method. By comparing the simulation results of various circuit models, a set of better matching network parameters is obtained. According to the element values obtained by simulation, the matching network is made, and the fabrication process is described in detail. The matching effect is tested in the pool. The results show that the transmitting voltage response at the two ends of the frequency band is improved by 13 dB, and in the middle of the frequency band by 9 dB, and the flatness of the transmission voltage response is improved by the matching network. It also improves the response of the transmitting voltage.
【学位授予单位】：中国舰船研究院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U666.7

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