油船排油监控系统主控单元的设计与实现

发布时间：2018-01-10 19:15

本文关键词：油船排油监控系统主控单元的设计与实现　出处：《大连海事大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着世界贸易的繁荣,世界海运量也持续增长。同时随之出现了不可避免的环境污染问题,特别是船舶含油污水排放问题。国际海事组织为此出台了多种法律、法规来规范含油污水的排放。但是由于相关的监管措施、条件以及监控设备不够完善,仍然存在船舶将含油污水肆意地排入大海的情况。船舶排油监控系统是监控含油压载水或其他油污水从货舱区域排入海中的系统。监控系统主要由取样系统、油分计、测控单元、流量计、主控单元等组成。当含油压载水或其他油污水从货舱区域排入海中时,监控系统开始取样、分析、记录。当排放条件达不到规定要求时,则终止排放物排入海中,防止海洋污染。本课题首先通过对油船排油监控系统的功能、结构和设备进行深入分析,结合相关公约规范和技术条件的要求对排油监控系统进行总体的设计。然后进行系统主控单元的设计和实现,主控单元核心处理器选择ARM Cortex-M3内核的STM32处理器。硬件方面采用Altium Designer10软件进行主控单元的原理图和PCB图设计。选择和理的外围器件,创建元件库,按照逻辑功能连接好元器件,包括开关量输入输出电路、模拟量输入输出电路、以太网、RS485、CAN接口电路等。软件方面采用Keil MDK软件开发环境对所制作的电路板编程,使其能够准确的实现排油监控系统主控制单元所具备的功能,包括处理航速、油份浓度、流量等模拟信号输入,各控制阀门和电机的开关量输入输出,液晶显示,打印记录以及相关的逻辑与计算功能等。最后再通过上位机对该系统进行模拟调试,并不断的优化系统。
[Abstract]:With the prosperity of world trade, the volume of sea transportation in the world continues to increase. At the same time, there are inevitable environmental pollution problems, especially the discharge of oily sewage from ships. The International Maritime Organization (IMO) has issued a variety of laws for this purpose. Regulations to regulate the discharge of oily sewage. But due to the relevant regulatory measures, conditions and monitoring equipment is not perfect. There is still the situation that ships discharge oily sewage into the sea wantonly. The ship oil discharge monitoring system is a system for monitoring the discharge of oily ballast water or other oily water into the sea from the cargo tank area. The monitoring system is mainly composed of sampling system. Oil content meter, measurement and control unit, Flowmeter, main control unit, etc. When oil ballast water or other oily water is discharged into the sea from the cargo tank area, the monitoring system begins to sample and analyze. Record. When discharge conditions do not meet specified requirements, the discharge is terminated to prevent marine pollution. Firstly, the function, structure and equipment of the oil discharge monitoring system of oil tanker are deeply analyzed. Combined with the requirements of the relevant conventions and technical conditions, the overall design of the oil discharge monitoring system is carried out. Then, the design and implementation of the main control unit of the system are carried out. The main control unit core processor selects the STM32 processor of the ARM Cortex-M3 kernel. Altium is used in the hardware. The Designer10 software is used to design the schematic diagram and PCB diagram of the main control unit. The component library is created and the components are connected according to the logic function, including the switch input and output circuit, the analog input and output circuit, and the Ethernet RS485. CAN interface circuit and so on. The software uses the Keil MDK software development environment to program the circuit board, so that it can accurately realize the function of the main control unit of the oil discharge monitoring system. Including processing speed, oil concentration, flow rate and other analog signal input, each control valve and motor switch input and output, LCD display. Finally, the system is simulated and debugged by the upper computer, and the system is optimized continuously.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TP277;U674.133.1

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