航标船起重机自动脱挂吊钩的设计与仿真

发布时间：2018-01-15 04:01

本文关键词：航标船起重机自动脱挂吊钩的设计与仿真　出处：《大连海事大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着我国海洋强国、一带一路战略等涉海战略的实施,航运业的发展会越来越受到国家的重视。在对航运业保障时,航标扮演着极其重要的角色。航标的布放等作业离不开航标船起重机的协助,这一过程中大部分依赖工作人员操作。由于吊钩不具备基本的自动化功能,同时,船用起重机在工作过程中由于受到风、浪、流等外部环境和自身操纵的影响,起重机吊重会产生摆动,在工作人员近距离操作时会增加其危险性,因此,设计一款自动化程度较高的吊钩,对航标船起重机安全高效作业具有非常重要的意义。本文首先确定了吊钩的设计方案,并在吊钩常用材料的基础上确定了自动脱挂吊钩的材料,提高吊钩的可靠性。为了确定吊钩的载荷,在实验室现有的二自由度摇摆平台上搭建船用起重机样机,完成相关的设置,在平台及虚拟样机上施加动作函数获得吊钩的最大载荷,之后在载荷的基础上,完成对吊钩结构以及驱动机构的选型设计。通过Solidworks完成设计与装配,获得吊钩的装配体。然后,本文利用有限元分析软件Ansysworkbench对吊钩的结构强度进行分析,获得吊钩在承受最大载荷时的结构应力以及应变情况,来验证吊钩设计的合理性。同时在分析的基础上为了进一步提高设计的合理性,利用Ansysworkbench中优化设计模块对吊钩进行优化,依据优化结果对吊钩重新设计,获得新的模型,对吊钩进行二次有限元分析,验证优化的合理性。最后,为了能够实现吊钩的自动控制,本文提出采用行程开关作为吊钩动作的主要控制元件,分别设计了吊钩的主电路以及控制电路,在理论上为实现吊钩的控制奠定基础,能够有利于降低工作人员的负担,提高工作效率。
[Abstract]:With the implementation of China's maritime power and Belt and Road strategy, the development of shipping industry will be paid more and more attention by the country. Navigation aids play an extremely important role. The arrangement of navigation aids can not be separated from the assistance of the ship crane, most of the process depends on the operation of staff. Because the hooks do not have the basic automatic function, at the same time. Due to the influence of wind, wave, flow and other external environment and self-manipulation in the working process of marine crane, the crane hoist will swing, which will increase its danger in the close operation of the staff. The design of a hook with high degree of automation is of great significance to the safe and efficient operation of the ship crane. Firstly, the design scheme of the hook is determined in this paper. In order to determine the load of hooks, the prototype of marine crane is built on the existing two-degree-of-freedom swing platform in the laboratory in order to determine the reliability of hooks, and based on the common materials of hooks, the material of automatic decoupling hooks is determined to improve the reliability of hooks. Complete the relevant settings, on the platform and virtual prototype action function to obtain the maximum load of the hook, and then on the basis of the load. The structure of the hook and the design of the type selection of the driving mechanism. Through Solidworks to complete the design and assembly, to obtain the assembly of the hook. Then. In this paper, the structural strength of the hook is analyzed by the finite element analysis software Ansysworkbench, and the structural stress and strain of the hook under the maximum load are obtained. In order to further improve the rationality of the design, the optimization design module of Ansysworkbench is used to optimize the hook. According to the optimization results, the hook was redesigned and a new model was obtained. The second finite element analysis of the hook was carried out to verify the rationality of the optimization. Finally, in order to realize the automatic control of the hook. In this paper, the stroke switch is used as the main control element of the hook action. The main circuit and control circuit of the hook are designed respectively, which lays a foundation for the control of the hook in theory. Can help to reduce the burden of staff, improve work efficiency.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：U674.28

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