应用LNG冷能的船舶空调系统研究

发布时间：2018-02-14 14:22

本文关键词： 液化天然气船舶空调冷能利用经济性分析　出处：《江苏科技大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：船舶空调系统作为提高船员生活舒适性设备被广泛安装于船舶,然而船舶空调系统消耗大量的船舶电力,从而间接导致了环境污染。近年来液化天然气(LNG)动力船以其清洁、环保受到船舶市场的青睐。LNG富含大量的冷能,将船舶上的LNG冷能应用到船舶空调系统已经具有很强的现实意义。本文针对以LNG为燃料的某3000吨多用途船,开展了将LNG冷能利用于船舶空调的研究。基于热平衡理论,利用TRNSYS建立了船舶多功能舱室动态负荷数学模型,同时根据船舶舱室人员在室率、灯光和设备使用率等实际使用情况,计算得到了该船舶空调系统的冷负荷。计算结果表明:1)所研究的船舶舱室总冷负荷全年最大值为10.76kW,总制冷时间为4480h,占全年总时间的55.7%;2)所研究的船舶舱室中驾驶室Room7冷负荷最大,为1.998kW;3)各个舱室的冷负荷在每天的下午4点达到最大值,早上7点达到最小值。计算结果为LNG冷能船舶空调系统设计提供基础设计数据。针对3000吨多用途船提出了三种LNG冷能船舶空调系统的概念性设计方案:LNG冷能船舶空调一级载冷剂循环系统、LNG冷能船舶空调二级载冷剂循环系统、LNG冷能船舶空调制冷循环系统。基于“黑箱模型”理论,采用模块化方法在Aspen Plus中建立了LNG冷能船舶空调系统全局仿真模型,以?效率和实际运用可行性为目标导向,对三种设计方案进行了热力学分析,计算系统各节点压力、温度、焓、熵、?等参数。仿真结果表明,以R404a为一级载冷剂,60%乙二醇溶液为二级载冷剂的LNG冷能船舶空调二级载冷剂循环的改进方案S2系统具有更强的实际可操作性,且该系统中换热器HE1的?效率为25.05%。费用年值法是综合设备初投资和运行费用两方面影响因素的设备经济性分析方法,基于此方法对3000吨多用途船的常规蒸汽压缩制冷和LNG冷能空调实施方案进行经济性分析和评价。通过计算表明:蒸气压缩式船舶空调的费用年值为5.635万元,LNG冷能船舶空调系统的费用年值为3.119万元,费用年值降低2.516万元,因此LNG冷能船舶空调系统具有良好的经济性。针对LNG冷能船舶空调二级载冷剂循环S2系统,设计了实验方案。对LNG汽化系统、载冷剂循环系统、缸套冷却水回热系统、空调风系统进行了关键部件设计、选型;并在实船上搭建了实验测试系统,同时对所用器材进行了选型;制定了实验大纲。
[Abstract]:Marine air conditioning system is widely installed in ships as the equipment to improve the comfort of crew life. However, ship air conditioning system consumes a lot of ship electricity, which indirectly leads to environmental pollution. In recent years, liquefied natural gas (LNG) power vessels are clean. The environmental protection is favored by the ship market. LNG is rich in a lot of cold energy. It has a strong practical significance to apply the LNG cold energy on board the ship to the air conditioning system of the ship. This paper aims at a 3000 ton multi-purpose ship fueled by LNG. The application of LNG cold energy to marine air conditioning is studied. Based on the theory of heat balance, the dynamic load mathematical model of multifunctional cabin is established by using TRNSYS. At the same time, according to the occupancy rate of cabin personnel, Actual use of lighting and equipment, etc., The calculation results show that the maximum annual total cooling load of ship cabin is 10.76 kW, and the total refrigeration time is 4480 h, which accounts for 55.7% of the total time of the whole year. For 1.998kWm3) the cooling load of each compartment reaches its maximum at 4 pm every day, The calculation results provide basic design data for the design of LNG cold energy ship air conditioning system. Three conceptual design schemes of LNG cold energy ship air conditioning system are proposed for 3 000 ton multipurpose ship. LNG Cold Energy Marine Air Conditioner cycle system LNG Cold Energy Marine Air conditioning Refrigeration cycle system. Based on the theory of "Black Box Model", The global simulation model of LNG cold energy ship air conditioning system is established in Aspen Plus by modularization method. Based on the objective of efficiency and practical feasibility, the thermodynamic analysis of three design schemes is carried out to calculate the pressure, temperature, enthalpy and entropy of each node of the system. Simulation results show that the improved scheme of LNG cold energy marine air conditioning two-stage refrigerant cycle with 60% ethylene glycol solution as the first stage carrier refrigerant R404a is more practical and feasible, and the HE1 of heat exchanger in the system? The efficiency is 25.05. The annual cost value method is the economic analysis method of the equipment, which affects both the initial investment and the operating cost of the comprehensive equipment. Based on this method, the economic analysis and evaluation of conventional steam compression refrigeration and LNG cold energy air conditioning for 3000t multi-purpose ship are carried out. The calculation results show that the annual cost of steam compression ship air conditioning is 56,350 yuan (RMB). The annual cost of marine air conditioning system is 31,190 yuan. The annual cost is reduced by 25,160 yuan, so the LNG cold energy ship air conditioning system has good economy. For the LNG cold energy ship air conditioning two stage refrigerant cycle S2 system, the experimental scheme is designed. For the LNG vaporization system, the carrying refrigerant circulation system, The cylinder liner cooling water recuperation system and air conditioning system are designed and selected. The experimental test system is set up on board the ship and the equipment used is selected. The experimental outline is developed.
【学位授予单位】：江苏科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：U664.86

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